Question

List out the differences between mitosis and meiosis ​

Answer 1

Answer:

Mitosis, the genetic material (DNA) in a cell is duplicated and divided equally between two cells. The dividing cell goes through an ordered series of events called the cell cycle. The mitotic cell cycle is initiated by the presence of certain growth factors or other signals that indicate that the production of new cells is needed. Somatic cells of the body replicate by mitosis. Examples of somatic cells include fat cells, blood cells, skin cells, or any body cell that is not a sex cell. Mitosis is necessary to replace dead cells, damaged cells, or cells that have short life spans.

Explanation:

Meiosis, is the process by which gametes (sex cells) are generated in organisms that reproduce sexually. Gametes are produced in male and female gonads and contain one-half the number of chromosomes as the original cell. New gene combinations are introduced in a population through the genetic recombination that occurs during meiosis. Thus, unlike the two genetically identical cells produced in mitosis, the meiotic cell cycle produces four cells that are genetically different.

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Answer 2

Cells divide and reproduce in two ways, mitosis and meiosis.

Mitosis

1. This division takes place in somatic cells and as a result of this growth occurs.  
2. Completed in one stage.
3. Prophase is smaller (when compared to prophase of Meiosis).
4. No crossing over takes place.
5. Synapsis does not take place at metaphase.
6. At metaphase, the centromere is towards equatorial plate and ends of chromosomes towards poles. Centromere divides.
7. Chromatids are long and thin.
8. Cytokinesis follows karyokinesis.

Meiosis

1. It takes place in reproductive cells  
2. Completed in two stages.
3. Prophase longer than prophase of mitosis and divided into five substages.
4. Crossing over takes place in which the exchange of segments of chromatids occurs.
5. Synapsis between homologous chromosomes takes place (bivalent stage).
6. At metaphase I, the centromere is towards poles and ends of chromosomes towards the equatorial plate. Centromere does not divide.
7. Chromatids are shorter and thick  
8. After Telophase I, cytokinesis does not take place always.