Question

list some of the major natural disasters that are likely to occur in hilly regions .Elaborate any one of them

Answer 1

The weather on earth is very unpredictable. You never know when and where the next natural calamity will occur. One day all is fine and suddenly the very next day it starts raining heavily causing massive flood. A Natural Disaster can be called as a natural phenomenon which can occur anytime and at any place. It is unpredictable and causes massive destruction within seconds. All the natural forces act on human beings as well as animals and kill many lives. A Natural Disaster can occur in many forms like floods, earthquakes, volcano eruption, hurricanes, etc to name a few. As such, a disaster can be said to be something that will have a long lasting effect on the environment as well as our minds. Get to know more about Natural Disasters from the given report. 

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Answer 2

Hi



Disasters in Himalayan Region



Himalayas & Disasters

 

Himalayas, as a region, have always been susceptible to disaster, due to the neo-tectonic mountain-building process, like earthquakes, landslides, floods, etc. The spread of reckless developmental activities has transformed many natural disasters into man-made events. Such calamities play a grave negative socio-economic role on the national economy and exert additional pressure on an already strained national economy.

 

Earthquake

 

It is important to discuss the origin of the Himalayan Mountains for understanding the natural seismicity in the Himalayas. Around 45 million years (during the Eocene period on Geological Time Scale), India collided with Eurasia. This was due to the continued northward migration of India. Since then, India has penetrated some 2000 km into Asia leading to the creation of Himalayan Mountain Range and this process is still in continuation. In this process, the Himalayan plate is undergoing beneath the Eurasian plate.

 

Thus, the Himalayan Mountains are the only ‘living’ mountains in the world as the plate tectonic activities churning within the Himalayas are leading to increase in its height. This internal turbulence within the Himalayas is solely responsible for their active seismic nature as corroborated by a large number of earthquakes traversing the entire belt from time to time, taking a heavy toll of life and property. Overall, more than ninety percent of the earthquakes occurring in India fall within the Himalayan mountain zone and its foothills. Scientifically, it has been experimentally shown that the seismicity creeps in an area through pre-existing zones of weakness and the neo-tectonic activities of Himalayas make it a zone of weakness. In last ten years, two major earthquakes have occurred in Uttaranchal namely the Uttarkashi earthquake (1991) and the Chamoli earthquake (1999).

It should be noted that the damages in the event of an earthquake primarily result from the unplanned developmental activities in seismicity-prone areas, which increase the casualties of life and loss of property manifold. Therefore special attention should be paid in undertaking major developmental activities like human settlements, urbanization, road building, laying of railway tracks etc. Japan, seismically one of the most vulnerable countries, has successfully shown that the damages accruing from an earthquake, even with a higher magnitude of 7 on Richter Scale, can be minimized by adopting an integrated approach of generating awareness, building earthquake resistant structures, always keeping the level of preparedness at a higher level, and preparing and regular updating of elaborate disaster management plan in case of an eventuality.

 

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