Question

List the changes the primary oocyte undergoes in the tertiary follicular stage in the human ovary

Answer 1

The primary oocyte get covered by one layer of granulosa cell and it it termed as primary follicles and then it get covered with more layer of granulosa cell and changes into secondary and then reaches tertiary Follicular stage

Answer 2

Primary oocyte is the result of cell division takes place in the process of oogenesis (formation of egg).

Explanation:

Primary oocyte are surrounded by primary follicle (granulosa cells), which further undergoes cell divison and forms secondary oocyte.

From birth, the ovaries contain immature, primordial follicles in female. Each of primordial follicles contain immature primary oocyte. At puberty, primary oocyte undergoes cell divison and shows many changes, the process is called folliculogenesis.  

During preovulatory stage, the primary oocyte halted in halted in Meiosis I prophase until the preovulatory stage. The oocyte then undergoes meiosis and becomes a secondary oocyte halted in metaphase II.

Following are the stages a primary oocyte undergoes:

1. Primary Follicles: The granulosa cells of the primordial follicles shift from a flat to a cuboid shape during ovarian follicle activation, which marks the beginning of the primary follicle. The genome of oocyte is activated, and genes are transcribed. Primary follicles at this period grow follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) receptors until the tertiary stage. A polymer capsule of glycoprotein called the zone pellucida forms around the oocyte separating it from the surrounding granulosa cells. Zone pellucida remain attached with oocyte that helps  that catalyse sperm to penetrate after ovulation.
2. Secondary Follicles: If primary follicle survive, multiple rows of follicular epithilium rises and forms secondary follicle. The pellucid zone become visible in the secondary follicles. In the secondary follicles a glycoprotein layer, the pellucid zone becomes visible. The outermost layer of secondary follicle undergoes cytodifferentiation and forms tthe theca externa and theca interna. Formation of tertiary follicle starts in the same stage.
3. Tertiary follicle: The first stage in tertiary follicle is Antrum formation in which a fluid-filled cavity adjacent to the oocyte is formed which is called antrum. In the second stage granulosa and theca cells undergoes mitosis divison that results in the large size of antrum, which can be hampered with the presence of FSH. The Theca cells starts secerting luteinizing hormone (LH) receptor and LH starts production of androgens which further generate estrogens.

Hence, above are the changes of primary oocyte.

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