Question

list the components of embryo sac and mention their fate on fertilisation

Answer 1

1) The egg cell forms the zygote.

2) Antipodal degenerate.

3) Primary nuclei forms primary endosperm
nucleus.





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Answer 2

Components of embryo sac:

1. Egg apparatus

2. Antipodal cells

3. Secondary nucleus

The embryo sac is made up of the egg apparatus (synergids and egg cell), the antipodal cells and the secondary nucleus. During double fertilization, each of the above components undergoes a significant change. One of the synergids ensures the entry of the ‘male gametes’ into the embryo sac with the help of the filiform apparatus and after doing so it degenerates.  

The other synergid also degenerates eventually. The egg cell undergoes fertilization, with one of the male gametes, to form the diploid zygote, which later develops into the embryo. The secondary nucleus fuses with the other male gamete to form the “primary endosperm nucleus” (PEN), later to develop into the endosperm. There has been no documented function of the ‘antipodal cells’ in the chalazal end, they degenerate eventually.