List the correct order of the layers of the atmosphere.
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Answers
Answer:
troposphere
stratosphere
mesosphere
thermosphere
exosphere
Answer:
✯The different layers of the atmosphere
☆The Troposphere
This is the lowest part of the atmosphere - the part we live in. It contains most of our weather - clouds, rain, snow. In this part of the atmosphere the temperature gets colder as the distance above the earth increases, by about 6.5°C per kilometre. The actual change of temperature with height varies from day to day, depending on the weather.
☆The Stratosphere
This extends upwards from the tropopause to about 50 km. It contains much of the ozone in the atmosphere. The increase in temperature with height occurs because of absorption of ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun by this ozone. Temperatures in the stratosphere are highest over the summer pole, and lowest over the winter pole.
☆The Mesosphere
The region above the stratosphere is called the mesosphere. Here the temperature again decreases with height, reaching a minimum of about -90°C at the "mesopause".
☆The Thermosphere and Ionosphere
The thermosphere lies above the mesopause, and is a region in which temperatures again increase with height. This temperature increase is caused by the absorption of energetic ultraviolet and X-Ray radiation from the sun.
The region of the atmosphere above about 80 km is also caused the "ionosphere", since the energetic solar radiation knocks electrons off molecules and atoms, turning them into "ions" with a positive charge. The temperature of the thermosphere varies between night and day and between the seasons, as do the numbers of ions and electrons which are present.
☆The Exosphere
The region above about 500 km is called the exosphere. It contains mainly oxygen and hydrogen atoms, but there are so few of them that they rarely collide - they follow "ballistic" trajectories under the influence of gravity, and some of them escape right out into space.
☆The Magnetosphere
The earth behaves like a huge magnet. It traps electrons (negative charge) and protons (positive), concentrating them in two bands about 3,000 and 16,000 km above the globe - the Van Allen "radiation" belts. This outer region surrounding the earth, where charged particles spiral along the magnetic field lines, is called the magnetosphere.
Explanation:
◉LET'S EXPLORE MORE
☆What is atmosphere
An atmosphere is a layer or a set of layers of gases surrounding a planet or other material body, that is held in place by the gravity of that body. An atmosphere is more likely to be retained if the gravity it is subject to is high and the temperature of the atmosphere is low.
✯IMPORTANCE OF THE ATMOSPHERE
☆Temperature
One of the most important benefits the atmosphere provides is maintaining the Earth’s temperature. On the moon, which has no protective atmosphere, temperatures can range from 121 degrees Celsius in the sun (250 degrees Fahrenheit) to negative 157 degrees Celsius in the shade (negative 250 degrees Fahrenheit). On Earth, however, molecules in the atmosphere absorb the sun’s energy as it arrives, spreading that warmth across the planet. The molecules also trap reflected energy from the surface, preventing the night side of the planet from becoming too cold.
☆Radiation
The atmosphere serves as a protective shield against radiation and cosmic rays. The sun bombards the solar system with ultraviolet radiation, and without protection, that radiation can cause severe damage to skin and eyes. The ozone layer high in the Earth’s atmosphere blocks much of this radiation from reaching the surface. Dense layers of molecular gases also absorb cosmic rays, gamma rays and x-rays, preventing these energetic particles from striking living things and causing mutations and other genetic damage. Even during a solar flare, which can greatly increase the damaging output of the sun, the atmosphere is able to block most of the harmful effects.
☆Physical Protection
The solar system may seem like a vast and empty place, but in reality it is full of debris and small particles leftover from planetary creation or collisions in the asteroid belt. According to NASA, more than 100 tons of space debris strikes Earth every single day, mostly in the form of dust and tiny particles. When they encounter the molecules that make up Earth’s atmosphere, however, the resulting friction destroys them long before they reach the ground. Even larger meteors can break up due to the stresses of atmospheric re-entry, making catastrophic meteor strikes an incredibly rare occurrence. Without the physical protection of the atmosphere, the surface of the Earth would resemble that of the moon, pockmarked with impact craters.
