list the developments of Maratha kingdom under peshwa grade 7
Answers
The Maratha kingdom was a powerful kingdom which arose out of a sustained opposition to Mughal rule.
Shivaji (1627-1680): He carved out a stable kingdom with the support of powerful warrior families (deshmukhs). The backbone of the Maratha army was the groups of highly mobile, peasant-pastoralists (kunbis). He used these forces to challenge the Mughals in India. After his death, effective power in the Maratha state were wielded by a family of Chitpavan Brahamanas who served his successors as Peshwa (or principal minister). Poona became Maratha kingdom’s capital.
Expansion of the Maratha Empire
The empire expanded between 1720 and 1761. It slowly chipped away at the authority of the Mughal Empire. By the 1720s Malwa and Gujarat were seized from the Mughals. The Maratha king was recognized as the overlord of the entire Deccan peninsula by the 1730s. He had the right to levy chauth and sardeshmukhi in the entire region. After the raid in Delhi by the Marathas in 1737, the frontiers of the Maratha domination expanded fast:
Into Rajasthan and Punjab in the north
Into Bengal and Orissa in the east
Into Karnataka and the Tamil and Telugu states in the south
Though these were not formally included in the Maratha empire, they were made to pay tribute as a way of accepting Maratha sovereignty.