List the different factors that can lead to communalism
Answers
Answer:
Some of the major causes of communalism in India are as follows: (1) A Legacy of Past (2) Presence of Communal Parties (3) Isolation of Muslims (4) Poverty (5) Hindu Chauvinism (6) The Social Cause (7) Communalization of Politics (8) Cross-Border Factors (9) Failure of Government.
Communalism in India has not emerged due to a single factor. Several causes can be identified for the growth of it.
(1) A Legacy of Past:
On the basis of the “Two Nation” theory of Jinnah, India was partitioned. Communal politics had played its nasty game during the immediate past of independent India. The “Divide and Rule” policy of the British Government served their colonial interest. The partition of India was the ultimate outcome of their politics. Despite the emergence of Pakistan, a large number of Muslims are staying in India. India has adopted the principles of secularism and equality of the people. But communalism as a legacy of past, is continuing and expressing itself in various form.
(2) Presence of Communal Parties:
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Religion in India has become an important agency of political socialization and it is also reflected in the ideology of a number of political parties. A number of communal and sectarian political parties and organisations are present in India. Muslim League, Jamaat—Islami, Hindu Mahasabha, Akali Dal, Vishwa Hindu Parishad are directly or indirectly responsible for the emergence of communalism.
The so called secular political parties also enter into alliance with communal forces for electoral benefit. Candidates are selected by different political parties taking into account the communal composition of the constituency.
Some political leaders preach communalism to attain their immediate political goal. They have become leaders and continue to remain as such only due to the adoption of communal and sectarian interest. When political leaders and their organisations are not away from communalism, obviously this spirit will be promoted in the society.
(3) Isolation of Muslims:
Indian Muslims have developed a tendency of isolationism even long after the creation of Pakistan. They remain aloof from the mainstream of national politics. Most of them are not interested to take part in the secular-nationalistic politics of the country. They insist on to
The British historians have attributed the cause of the partition to the communalism of Jinnah and the political ambitions of the Indian National Congress . The Partition violence gave a clear sense to every one what communalism leads to, and it has since been frowned upon in India.
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