list the six effect of heat
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Effects of Heat Energy
Heat energy produces many effects in materials and in living organisms. The effects of heat energy are the following:
(i) When heat is supplied to a body its temperature rises: When a material body, solid, liquid or gas, is given heat energy, its temperature increases. When this hot body gives out heat energy its temperature decreases.
(ii) Heat energy may bring about chemical changes in a substance: When we heat substances, the heat energy breaks the original bonds between the elements and new products with new bonds are formed. For example, if marble (calcium carbonate) is heated, it turns into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide.
(iii) A body may catch fire if it is sufficiently heated and if it is flammable. The burning of substances in air or oxygen on heating, with the release of large amount of heat energy and light energy is called combustion. Substances that burn easily in air are called flammable or combustible substances, e.g., wood, coal, petrol, etc. Substances that do not burn easily in air are called incombustible substances, e.g., glass, stone, metals, etc.
(iv) On heating, change of state may occur, i.e. a solid may change into a liquid and a liquid may change into a gas. For example if ice (solid) is heated it changes its state to water (liquid) and if this water is further heated it becomes water vapour (gas). Conversely when a gas loses heat energy it changes into a liquid and on further cooling it freezes into a solid.
(v) When heat is supplied to a body it expands, i.e. its dimensions are changed. Material bodies expand on heating and contract on cooling. The process due to which a material in a given state of matter expands on the absorption of heat enegy is known as thermal expansion.
Application of heat or increase in temperature can cause many physical and chemical changes in the properties of elements, some of them are as follows:-
- Application of heat can instill volumetric changes in a substance
- Heat is also capable of increasing or decreasing a materials length. Mostly in application will lead to increase and removal will lead to decrease.
- The different states of matter can change from one state to another on application or removal of heat.
- Catalytic function can also happen by application of heat where compounds are formed only on application of this.
- Subatomic lead the particles are always in certain movement but an increase or decrease might happen with application of heat which affects the kinetic energy.
- Conduction and conductivity is another factor that is affected by this.
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List four effects that heat produces.
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