List the stages of vocational development relevant to early adulthood.
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Career Development: Adulthood
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What do you think about this article? Rate it using the stars above and let us know what you think in the comments below. Career development in adulthood includes establishing a career, maintaining it, and making adjustments in it during an adult's declining years. To be successful in finding a place in the occupational world may involve mobility as seriously as credentials. Adult identity is largely a function of career movements within occupations and work organizations. In the maintenance stage the individual has made his place in the occupational world. He has developed his role in the home, community, and job and will continue to follow that role. In the years of decline the individual curtails, or modifies, his activities, or he may even change the type of work. Hence, the individual's role in the occupational world changes throughout his career.
Lou Varga discusses the phenomenon of occupational floundering-that is, a time when a person is working without a commitment to an occupational goal. Three stages of floundering are described: initial entry into the job market, a shopping period, and the mid-career stage. Some positive aspects of floundering are also identified. Rene V. Dawis and Lloyd H. Lofquist offer a theory regarding work adjustment. They describe work personality styles and their relationship to work adjustment. Harold L. Sheppard presents some patterns of individuals moving toward second careers. He suggests a way of identifying individuals who will seek second careers and indicates some dimensions that differentiate them from non-candidates for second careers.
There also is a trend now toward retirement preparation programs; however, there is a need to increase counseling and planning in that area. Patricia L. Kasschau proposes that definitive retirement preparation programs be systematically conceived, designed, and implemented. The new concerns in vocational guidance for adulthood are second careers, changing life personality patterns as one develops on the job, and adjusting to retirement.