Question

List three characteristic features of fungi.some fungul species live in permanent , mutually dependent relationships​ with cyanobacteria. what is this relationship called? where are they found?

Answer 1

Characteristics of Five-Kingdom:

Kingdom Monera:

The monerans are extremely small and structurally the simplest of all the living beings.

The organisms belonging to this group are simple, unicellular and microscopic. These organisms are prokaryotic.

Cell wall is present in some organisms and absent in others.

They do not possess a defined nucleus and lack cell organelles.

Some organisms can synthesize their food (autotrophic), while some organisms exhibit heterotrophic mode of nutrition.

This group includes Bacteria, mycoplasma and blue-green algae.

Kingdom Protista:

This group consists of many types of unicellular eukaryotes.

They have a defined nucleus and also membrane-bound organelles.

Some of these organisms use appendages, such as hair-like cilia or whip-like flagella for moving around.

Their mode of nutrition can be autotrophic or heterotrophic.

This group includes Diatoms, protozoans and unicellular algae.

                Kingdom Fungi:

Fungi are simple, eukaryotic non-green (lacking chlorophyll) organisms.

Cell wall is present. It is made up of a tough complex sugar called chitin.

They are non-photosynthetic. The mode of nutrition is heterophic. Most of then use dead and decaying organic matter as food and are therefore called saprophytes. Some of them are parasitic.

Some fungal species live in permanent mutually dependent relationships with blue-green algae (or cyanobacteria). Such relationships are called symbiotic. These symbiotic life forms are lichens.

Most fungi are multicellular. Yeast is a unicellular fungus.    

This group includes Mucus, Penicillium, yeast etc.

Kingdom Plantae: 

This group consists of multicellular eukaryotic organisms.

They are autotrophs and use chlorophyll for photosynthesis.

They possess a cell wall made of cellulose.

Kingdom Plantae is further classified as Thallophyta, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms.

This group includes all photosynthetic plants.

Kingdom Animalia:

This group consists of all multicellular eukaryotes which do not possess a cell wall.

These organisms are heterotrophic.

Cell wall is absent.

Kingdom Animalia is further classified as Porifera, Coelenterata, Platyhelminthes, Nematoda, Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca, Echinodermata, Protochordata and Vertebrata.

This group includes all animals.  


Plant Kingdom ( Plantae):

The plant kingdom has been divided into two sub-kingdoms- Cryptogamae and Phanerogamae.