list three characteristics each of moist deciduous and dry deciduous forests
Answers
(i) Vegetation:
i. These forests are the most wide spread forests of India.
ii. Another name of these forests is the monsoon forests.
iii. They spread over areas of annual rainfall ranging between 200 cm and 70 cm.
iv. Trees of these forests shed their leaves for about six to eight weeks in dry season.
v. Every species has its own time of shedding leaves. Therefore, the forest does not appear leaveless at any time of the year.
vi. On the basis of rainfall, these forests are further divided into moist and dry deciduous.
The wet forest is found in areas receiving rainfall between 200 and 100 cm.
a. They exist mostly in the eastern part of the country.
(a) North-eastern states
(b) Along the foothills of the Himalayas.
(c) Jharkhand
(d) West Odisha and Chhattisgarh.
(e) On the eastern slope of the Western Ghats.
b. Teak is the most dominant species of most forests.
c. Bamboo, Sal, Shisham, Sandalwood, Khair, Kusum, Aijun, Mulberry are other commercially important species, grown in most deciduous forests.
The dry forest is found in areas of rainfall ranging between 100 cm and 70 cm.
d. These forests are found in the areas of less rainfall.
e. Parts of the Peninsular Plateau and the plains of Bihar and Uttar Pradesh are major areas of these forests.
f. There are open stretches in which teak, sal, poles grow.
g. A large part of this region has been cleared for cultivation.
h. Some parts of these forests are used for grazing,
(ii) Wildlife:
Common animals of these forests are lion, tiger, pig, deer, and elephants, huge variety of birds, lizards, snakes, tortoise, insects and worms.
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In tropical regions, Moist deciduous forests are found where both dry and rainy seasons occur. Dry deciduous forests is found in extremely variable climates characterised by nutrient-poor soil, 5 to 6 dry months and low annual rainfall within the annual cycle, and nutrient-poor soil.
EXPLANATION:
Moist deciduous forests are located in regions where rainfall is moderate around 100-150 cm per/annum, with mean annual temperature ranging around 27°C and the average 'annual relative humidity' is 60-75 per cent.
The leaves of moist deciduous forest trees fall for about 6-7 weeks during early summer and spring as the leaves do not get adequate moisture. The water of the subsoil is not sufficient to allow the trees to preserve their leaves all through the year.
The appearance of these trees are bare and burnt up during April and May. These forests become green again with the arrival of the rainy season as the leaves re-grow. Dry deciduous forests are like moist deciduous forests and they shed their leaves mostly during dry season.
The main difference is that dry deciduous forests’ species can grow in regions of relatively less rainfall of 100-150 cm per annum. Dry deciduous forests are found in warm and arid regions, and the temperature remains high all through the year, vegetation and water evaporation from the soil are rapid