Question

List three main differences between
(a) DNA and RNA
(b) Transcription and Translation.​

Answer 1

Answer:

(a) DNA and RNA:

So, the three main structural differences between RNA and DNA are as follows:

RNA is single-stranded while DNA is double-stranded

.

RNA contains uracil while DNA contains thymine

.

RNA has the sugar ribose while DNA has the sugar deoxyribose.

Explanation:

(b) Transcription and Translation.

Translation. Transcription is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template where the code in the DNA is converted into a complementary RNA code. Translation is the synthesis of a protein from an mRNA template where the code in the mRNA is converted into an amino acid sequence in a protein.

Answer 2

(a) DNA and RNA :-

1. DNA contains deoxyribose while RNA contains ribose sugar.

2. DNA contains thymine while RNA contains uracil.

3. DNA is a double-stranded structure while RNA is a single-stranded structure.

4. DNA is stable and undergo less mutation during the course of evolution while RNA has high rate of mutation and is less stable.

(b) Transcription and Translation :-

1. Transcription is the process of forming RNA from the DNA while translation is the process of protein formation from mRNA template.

2. In transcription the template is anti-sense strand of DNA and in translation the template is mRNA (messenger RNA).

3. Transcription Occurance : Eukaryotes - Nucleus, Prokaryotes - cytoplasm and Translation occurs in cytoplasm.