Question

List two conditions required to liquefy gases. Can these factors determine the state of a
substance? How?

Answer 1

The two conditions required to liquefy gases are as follows :-

1) Decreasing Temperature :-

when the temperature is decreased the gases are cooled down to liquid state. The molecules present in the gases lose the extra energy present in them when the temperature is reduced and they turn to liquid state.

2) Increasing pressure :-

when the pressure is increased the inter-particular space reduces and the atoms present in the gases come closer to each other. Due to their coming close to each other, the gases change their state to liquid.


Now,

These factors help in determining the state of any matter.
These two factors that is PRESSURE and TEMPERATURE determine the state of matter.

Consider the following points:-

☸️ Temperature provides the energy to the atoms of a matter or substance.
Hence,
By increment on temperature, energy given to the atom of a matter can be increased.

So,
This energy helps in increasing the inter-particular movement in the matter.
Due to this energy, the atoms can break down the inter-particular force of attraction and turn into loose atoms.
Due to this they change in state.

For example- When iron is heated at a high temperature it turn into liquid (molten iron

Similarly,
It is applicable in reverse order.
If temperature is reduced, the energy from the atoms in the matter are absorbed. Due to this they come closer to each other.

For example - when water is kept in refrigerator it turns into solid ice.


☸️ Pressure plays a key role in state of matter.
High pressure puts a force on the atoms of a matter and can even convert its state.
Due to high pressure the inter-particular space is reduced and particles come closer and state is changed.

For example- LPG is a liquid but it is a gas. LPG is a gas which is stored under high pressure. This pressure turns this gas into liquid. On removing the pressure it again converts back to gaseous state.

Also, Pressure can even convert gases into solid state.
Example Dry Ice is a solid. It is actually Carbondioxide which is stored at a very high pressure.


Similarly,
It is applicable in reverse order.

When pressure is reduced, the distance between the atoms of a matter increases and the particles separate away and change in state occurs.

For example- when Butane is extracted from the LPG.
When Pressure is reduced in the LPG cylinders the butane present inside it again converts back to gaseous state.

In this way, PRESSURE and TEMPERATURE help in determining the state of a substance.


Thanks!

Answer 2

Answer:

The Ideal conditions to liquefy a gas is as follows:

1) Decrease the temperature of the gas, and

2) Increase the pressure applied on the gas

Explanation: