List two differences between copper and carbon
Answers
Copper :
Copper is one of the most important metals used by the humanity in the form of virgin metal for electrical conductors and as alloys in many engineering applications.
Applications of Copper
Copper and copper alloy can be used in an extraordinary range of applications. Some of these applications include:
Power transmission lines
Architectural applications
Cooking utensils
Spark plugs
Electrical wiring, cables and busbars
High conductivity wires
Electrodes
Heat exchangers
Refrigeration tubing
Plumbing
Water-cooled copper crucibles
Structure of Copper
Copper has a face centred cubic crystal structure. It is yellowish red in physical appearance and when polished develops a bright metallic lustre.
Key Properties of Copper Alloys
Copper is a tough, ductile and malleable material. These properties make copper
extremely suitable for tube forming, wire drawing, spinning and deep drawing. The other key properties exhibited by copper and its alloys include:
Excellent heat conductivity
Excellent electrical conductivity
Good corrosion resistance
Good biofouling resistance
Good machinability
Retention of mechanical and electrical properties at cryogenic temperatures
Non-magnetic
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Uses of Carbon :
Carbon (in the form of coal, which is mainly carbon) is used as a fuel. It is available in many forms as Anthracite, Lignite, and Bituminous coal as a solid fuel.
Graphite is used for pencil tips, high temperature crucibles, dry cells, electrodes and as a lubricant.
Carbon can form alloys with iron, of which the most common is carbon steel.
Color: black (graphite), transparent (diamond)
Classification: Carbon is a nonmetal
Neutrons in most abundant isotope: 6
Electrons: 6
There are almost ten million carbon compounds and ‘organic chemistry’ is a branch of chemistry that deals with the study of these carbon compounds.
The following are some common carbon compounds:
Acetic acid (CH3COOH)
Ethyl alcohol (C2H5OH)
Acetylene (C2H2)
Benzene (C6H6)
Methane (CH4)
Ethylene (C2H4)
Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)
Chloroform (CHCl3)
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Carbon monoxide (CO)
Carbon disulfide (CS2)
Basic Information of Carbon :
Table 1. Basic Properties of Carbon
Atomic number -6
Atomic weight- 12.0107 (8) amu
Standard state - solid at 298 K
CAS Registry ID - 7440-44-0
Group in periodic table - 14
Classification - Non-metallic
Color - graphite is black, diamond is colorless
Period in periodic table - 2
Group name - 14
Block in periodic table - p-block
Melting Point - 3823 K (3550°C or 6422°F)
Density - 2.2670 g/cm3
Boiling Point - 4098 K (3825°C or 6917°F)
Period Number - 2
Group Number - 14
Oxidation States - +4, +2, -4
Ionization Energy - 11.260 eV
Number of Stable Isotopes - 2
We can use carbon to reduce the oxides of metals below aluminium in the Reactivity Series.
Because of this, carbon is used in the extraction of zinc, iron, and lead.
This is a relatively cheap way to extract metals because carbon is readily available from coal.
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