list two test for experimentally distinguish between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid and describe how these tests are performed
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Explanation: Reaction with sodium hydrogen carbonate – Alcohol has no reaction with sodium hydrogen carbonate ( N a H C O 3 NaHCO_3 NaHCO3) but in the case of carboxylic acid, it reacts with N a H C O 3 NaHCO_3 NaHCO3 which gives C H 3 C O O N a CH_3COONa CH3COONa, C O 2 CO_2 CO2 and H 2 O H_2O H2O.
Add blue litmus to both.
Alcohol - no colour change
Acid - turns it red
1. Reaction with sodium hydrogen carbonate – Alcohol has no reaction with sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO_3NaHCO3) but in the case of carboxylic acid, it reacts with NaHCO_3NaHCO3 which gives CH_3COONaCH3COONa, CO_2CO2 and H_2OH2O. The reaction is evident as the carbon dioxide will turn the lime water milky.
2. On adding Na metal to alcohol, H_2H2 gas is released which is evident in the form of bubbles. Carboxylic acid does not show such reaction.
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