Livelihood of farmers in penagolu
Answers
Answer:
Most of the people in villages earn their living either through agriculture or handicrafts. Since the land available to each family has remained the same and the number of family members has grown, supporting all of them through agriculture alone is becoming difficult. People are moving to towns and cities in search of jobs, but these are also not always available partly because they lack the qualifications. The government is addressing these problems by taking steps to make better farming techniques available to increase crop production from the same piece of land, and also making other opportunities of employment and livelihood available close to or within the villages itself. It is also encouraging young people to start their own ventures by providing them training and finance.
Agriculture
The National Policy for Farmers(File referring to external site opens in a new window)  was released by the Department of Agriculture and cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture(External website that opens in a new window) in Sep 2007. This policy is aimed at improving net income of farmers through increased production, better prices, and support from government through improvement of land, water and services. The Department also commissioned a Study on Farm Mechanization(External website that opens in a new window) by the Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute(External website that opens in a new window).
The ministry has a large number of programmes and schemes(External website that opens in a new window) for the benefit of farmers under this policy. Some of these benefit the farmers directly, and some indirectly.
The government makes specially treated seeds available, which are more fertile and resistant to diseases and pests through Campaign for Seed Treatment(External website that opens in a new window). Farmers interested in this scheme may look for the contact details for their state here(File referring to external site opens in a new window)  .
The government provides grant to cooperative groups formed by farmers for generating income through agriculture based business. You can apply through the Small Farmers Agri Business Consortium(External website that opens in a new window).
For protecting your crops from pests, help of the scheme for Promotion of Integrated Pest Management can be taken.
To protect farmers in case of crop damage or loss due to unforeseen circumstances the National Agricultural Insurance Scheme (NAIS) has been launched.
Following are some schemes by which farmers benefit indirectly:-
Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana
Integrated Nutrient Management in rural areas
Seed Village Scheme
National Watershed Development Project for Rainfed Areas (NWDPRA)
Promoting use of Informatics in Agriculture in rural areas(External website that opens in a new window)
Promotion and Strengthening of Agricultural Mechanization through Training, Testing and Demonstration in rural areas(External website that opens in a new window)
Rural Development Sector: Animal Husbandry
Animal Husbandry, Dairy Development and Fisheries supplement family incomes and generate gainful employment in the rural sector, particularly among the landless labourers, small and marginal farmers and women. They also provide cheap nutritional food to millions of people. In the livestock sector, major problems faced by farmers relate to breed, feed and fodder, health care and getting good prices for that produce. The National Policy for Farmers(File referring to external site opens in a new window) envisages addressing these issues.
As Agriculture including Animal Husbandry, Dairy and Fisheries, is a State subject, the emphasis of the Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairy and Fisheries(External website that opens in a new window) has been on supplementing efforts of the State Governments in the development of these sectors. Some of the important schemes in this arena are as under.