locate sunderbans,ganga,bramaputra, godavari, Krishn mya rivers
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The Ganges (/ˈɡændʒiːz/ GAN-jeez), or Ganga (Hindustani: [ˈɡəŋɡaː]), is a trans-boundary river of the Indian subcontinent which flows through the nations of India and Bangladesh. The 2,525 km (1,569 mi) river rises in the western Himalayas in the Indian state of Uttarakhand, and flows south and east through the Gangetic Plain of North India. After entering West Bengal, it divides into two rivers: the Hooghly and the Padma River. The Hooghly, or Adi Ganga, flows through several districts of West Bengal and into the Bay of Bengal near Sagar Island. The other, the Padma, also flows into and through Bangladesh, and joins the Meghna river which ultimately empties into the Bay of Bengal.
Ganges
Varanasiganga.jpg
The Ganges in Varanasi
Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna basins.jpg
Map of the combined drainage basins of the Ganges (orange), Brahmaputra (violet), and Meghna (green)
Native name
Ganga
Location
Country
India, Bangladesh (as Padma)
Cities
Rishikesh, Haridwar, Farrukhabad, Kannauj, Bithoor, Kanpur, Jajmau, Prayagraj, Varanasi, Buxar, Patna, Bhagalpur, Farakka, Murshidabad, Plassey, Nabadwip, Kolkata, Rajshahi, Chandpur, Baranagar
Physical characteristics
Source
Gangotri Glacier, Satopanth Glacier, Khatling Glacier, and waters from melted snow from such peaks as Nanda Devi, Trisul, Kedarnath, Nanda Kot, and Kamet.
- location
Uttarakhand, India
- coordinates
30°59′N 78°55′E
- elevation
3,892 m (12,769 ft)
Mouth
- location
Bifurcation at Giria into the Padma and Hooghly rivers
Length
2,525 km (1,569 mi)
Basin size
1,080,000 km2 (420,000 sq mi)[3]
Discharge
- location
Farakka Barrage[
- average
16,648 m3/s (587,900 cu ft/s)
- minimum
2,000 m3/s (71,000 cu ft/s)
- maximum
70,000 m3/s (2,500,000 cu ft/s)
Discharge
- location
Bay of Bengal
- average
38,129 m3/s (1,346,500 cu ft/s)
Basin features
Tributaries
- left
Ramganga, Garra, Gomti, Ghaghara, Gandak, Burhi Gandak Koshi, Mahananda
- right
Yamuna, Tamsa, Son, Punpun, Kiul, Karamnasa, Chandan
The Ganges is one of the most sacred rivers to Hindus.[4] It is also a lifeline to millions of Indians who live along its course and depend on it for their daily needs. It is worshipped in Hinduism and personified as the goddess Gaṅgā.[5] It has also been important historically, with many former provincial or imperial capitals (such as [6] Kannauj, Kampilya, Kanpur,[6] Kara, Prayag or Allahabad, Kashi, Pataliputra or Patna, Hajipur, Munger, Bhagalpur, Baranagar, Murshidabad, Baharampur, Nabadwip, Saptagram and Kolkata) located on its banks.
The Ganges is highly polluted. Pollution threatens not only humans, but also more than 140 fish species, 90 amphibian species and the endangered Ganges river dolphin. The Ganges is a major source of global ocean plastic pollution.[8] The levels of fecal coliform bacteria from human waste in the waters of the river near Varanasi are more than 100 times the Indian government's official limit. The Ganga Action Plan, an environmental initiative to clean up the river, has been a major failure thus far,[a][b] due to rampant corruption, lack of will on behalf of the government and its bureaucracy, lack of technical expertise,[c] poor environmental planning,[d] and lack of support from religious authorities
Answer:
The Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna (GBM) Delta and its catchment area are shared between five countries which means that the delta is strongly influenced by neighbouring country’s water and sediment management decisions in addition to climatic, environmental and internal management. Delta administration is also shared between Bangladesh and India, including the unique Sundarbans mangrove forest. An overview of delta-building and socio-ecological processes from Holocene to Anthropocene are outlined providing a background for current issues. These include discussion on emerging opportunities and challenges, growth of settlements/land use, vulnerability mapping and options for adaptation including migration. Preliminary social vulnerability maps for the Joint GBM Delta are presented. These could facilitate the engagement of policymakers of all countries to create opportunities for co-learning to resolve delta level issues.
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