Locate the following Mahajanpadas on a map of India? 1. Kashi 2.Matsya 3.Anga 4.Avanti 5. Kosal
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Answer:
The Mahājanapadas (Sanskrit: महाजनपद, lit. 'great realm', from maha, "great", and janapada "foothold of a people") were sixteen kingdoms or oligarchic republics that existed in Northern ancient India from the sixth to fourth centuries BCE during the second urbanisation period.[2]
Mahājanapadas
c. 600 BCE–c. 345 BCE
Map of the 16 Mahājanapadas.[1]
Map of the 16 Mahājanapadas.[1]
Capital
Various
Common languages
Prakrits and Sanskrit
Religion
Vedic Hinduism
Śramaṇa (Buddhism and Jainism)
Government
Republics (Gaṇa sangha)
Monarchies
Historical era
Iron Age
• Established
c. 600 BCE
• Disestablished
c. 345 BCE
Preceded by Succeeded by
Vedic period
Janapada
Kuru Kingdom
Nanda Empire
Map depicting Kingdoms of Ancient India in 540 BCE
The 6th–5th centuries BCE is often regarded as a major turning point in early Indian history; during this period India's first large cities arose after the demise of the Indus Valley Civilization. It was also the time of the rise of sramana movements (including Buddhism and Jainism), which challenged the religious orthodoxy of the Vedic Period.
Two of the Mahājanapadas were most probably ganatantras (oligarchic republics) and others had forms of monarchy. Ancient Buddhist texts like the Anguttara Nikaya[3] make frequent reference to sixteen great kingdoms and republics which had developed and flourished in a belt stretching from Gandhara in the northwest to Anga in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent. They included parts of the trans-Vindhyan region,[4] and all had developed prior to the rise of Buddhism in India.[5]
Archaeologically, this period has been identified as corresponding in part to the Northern Black Polished Ware culture.[6]
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