lodination of arenes by electrophilie substitution requires an oxidizing agent. Why?
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In the case of electrophillic substitution reaction of aryl iodide, HI is produced which is a reducing agent.
It reduces aryl iodide back to aromatic hydrocarbon and iodine.
This reaction is reversible.
Hence oxidising agents such as HgO, HNO3 are used to remove HI produced in the reaction as follows:
4HI + 2HNO3 → 2N2O3 + 2I2
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