Long Answer Questions:
1. Describe the structure of (a) xylem (b) phloem
2. How does water and minerals get transported from the soil to the leaves of plants?
3. Why is transpiration important for plants? Discuss the factors that affect the rate of transpiration.
4. Write an experiment to show that plants lose water through their leaves.
Answers
Answer:
1).Mature xylem is made up of dead cells that do not have cell contents, while phloem contains living cells (albeit without nuclei). The structure of xylem and phloem is also different. While xylem is made up of tracheids and vessels, phloem is made up of sieve tubes which have many holes for transporting nutrients.
2). Plants must transport water from the roots to the leaves where it is needed for the process of photosynthesis. Nutrients produced in the leaves by photosynthesis are transported to all the parts of the plant. The phloem carries nutrients up and down the plant. The xylem only carries water up the plant.
3). If the rate of transpiration increases, the rate of absorption of water by the root increases too. Factors that affect the rate of transpiration also affect water uptake by the plant. If water is scarce, or the roots are damaged, a plant may wilt.
4). (a) Take a medium-sized well-watered plant.
(b)Cover the plant with a transparent polythene bag completely and tie its mouth around the base of the stem.
(c)Take a similar empty polythene bag and tie its mouth.
(d) Keep the plant as well as the empty polythene bag in the sunlight for 1–2 hours.
Explanation:
I hope it helps you.