Long Answer Type Questions:
1. Define energy. What are its different types
Answers
Answer:
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Explanation:
Energy, in physics, the capacity for doing work. It may exist in potential, kinetic, thermal, electrical, chemical, nuclear, or other various forms. There are, moreover, heat and work—i.e., energy in the process of transfer from one body to another.
These are the two basic forms of energy. The different types of energy include thermal energy, radiant energy, chemical energy, nuclear energy, electrical energy, motion energy, sound energy, elastic energy and gravitational energy.
Answer:
Energy, in physics, the capacity for doing work. It may exist in potential, kinetic, thermal, electrical, chemical, nuclear, or other various forms. There are, moreover, heat and work—i.e., energy in the process of transfer from one body to another.
2. Chemical energy is energy that is stored in the bonds between the atoms of compounds. If the bonds are broken, the energy is released and can be converted to other forms of energy.
Portable amplifiers have batteries that store chemical energy
This portable guitar amplifier can run on batteries. Batteries store chemical energy and change it to electrical energy.[Figure3]
3. Electrical energy is the energy of moving electrons. Electrons flow through wires to create electric current.
Electrical energy is used to power these bright lights
The bright lights on this stage use electrical energy. They are wired into the electrical system of the of the hall. The guitars and microphone also use electrical energy. You can see the electrical cords running from them to the outlet on the floor below the musicians.[Figure4]
4. Electromagnetic energy is energy that travels through space as electrical and magnetic waves. The light flooding the stage in the Figure above is one type of electromagnetic energy. Other types include radio waves, microwaves, X rays, and gamma rays.
5. Thermal energy is the energy of moving atoms of matter. All matter has thermal energy because atoms of all matter are constantly moving. An object with more mass has greater thermal energy than an object with less mass because it has more atoms.
Thermal energy is generated when people exercise
Why is this jogger sweating so much? His shirt is soaking up his sweat because he has so much thermal energy. The jogger is hot because of the heat from the sun and the hard work he puts into his run.[Figure5]
6. Sound energy is a form of mechanical energy that starts with a vibration in matter. For example, the singer’s voice starts with vibrations of his vocal cords, which are folds of tissue in his throat. The vibrations pass to surrounding particles of matter and then from one particle to another in waves. Sound waves can travel through air, water, and other substances, but not through empty space.
7. Nuclear energy is energy that is stored in the nuclei of atoms because of the strong forces that hold the nucleus together. The energy can be released in nuclear power plants by splitting nuclei apart. It is also released when unstable (radioactive) nuclei break down, or decay.
Q: The fans at a rock concert also produce or use several forms of energy. What are they?
A: The fans see the concert because of electromagnetic energy (light) that enters their eyes from the well-lit musicians on stage. They hear the music because of the sound energy that reaches their ears from the amplifiers. They use mechanical energy when they clap their hands and jump from their seats in excitement. Their bodies generate thermal energy, using the chemical energy stored in food they have eaten.
Summary
Energy, or the ability to cause changes in matter, can exist in many different forms. Energy can also change from one form to another.
Forms of energy include mechanical, chemical, electrical, electromagnetic, thermal, sound, and nuclear energy.
Review
Make a table of forms of energy. In your table, list and define five of the forms of energy described in this article. Include an example of each form.
Identify three different forms of energy represented by the Figure below.
[Figure6]
Notes/Highlights
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Vocabulary Language: English ▼
Term Definition
chemical energy Energy that is stored in the bonds between atoms that make up compounds.
electrical energy Energy of moving electrons.
electromagnetic energy Energy, such as sunlight, that travels across space or through matter as electric and magnetic waves.
energy Ability to cause changes in matter, or ability to do work.
mechanical energy Energy of an object that is moving or has the potential to move; calculated as the sum of an object’s kinetic and potential energy.
nuclear energy Energy released in a nuclear reaction (nuclear fission or nuclear fusion).
sound energy Energy that travels in waves through matter from a vibrating object.
thermal energy Total kinetic energy of all the atoms that make up an object