Question

Long Answer Type Questions
_______________________ (a) Name the steps in the production of wool from sheep.
(b) Why is scouring essential?
(c) What is carding of wool fibres?
(d) List some breeds of wool -yielding sheep in india .​

Answer 1

Answer:

1. INTRODUCTION:

Textile industry is one of the few basic industries that have always been a

necessary component of human life. One may classify it as a more glamorous

industry, but whatever it is, it provides with the basic requirement called clothes.

This chapter is about textiles. The researcher has given in this chapter all possible

terms and concepts involved in textile production process. Most of these terms are

technical. This chapter is an attempt to understand clear cut ideas about research

topic. It gives an insight about terms that are used all around the world in context of

textile industry. There are numerous kinds of fibres and other raw materials, which

are used to produce a cloth. But most of them are unheard of. This chapter is

designed in such a way that it is easy to understand the basics of textiles.

In any study of textile fabrics the meaning of the word textile must be made

clear. The dictionary states that the word is derived from the Latin word 'texere' [1] to

weave, but a wider meaning than simply that of weaving must be accepted since that

is only one of various ways of making textile fabrics.

2. STAGES OF TEXTILE MANUFACTURING:

The initial stage of textile manufacturing involves the production of the raw

material either by farmers who raise cotton, sheep, silkworms, or flax or by chemists

who produce fibre from various basic substances by chemical processes. The fibre

is spun into yarn, which is then converted into fabric in a weaving or knitting mill.

After dyeing and finishing, the woven material is ready for delivery either directly to

manufacturer of textile products where they are finally stitched into clothes that we

wear. The flow diagram of the fibre to fabric process is given below.

3. METHODS OF FABRIC FORMING:

The most commonly used fabric forming methods are weaving, braiding,

knitting, felting, tufting and nonwoven manufacturing. However, major method of

fabric construction is weaving. Some of terms and definitions are given below.

4. Weaving:

Weaving is the interlacing of warp and filling yarns perpendicular to each

other. There are practically an endless number of ways of interlacing warp

and filling yarns. Each different way results in a different fabric structure.

Approximately 70% of the fabrics made in the world are woven fabrics.

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Answer 2

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a). Getting wool from sheep involves the following steps :

• rearing and breeding
• shearing
• washing or scouring
• sorting
• carding
• dyeing
• spinning
• weaving

b). The main purpose of the scouring is to remove impurities from the textile materials. The textile materials are leave in a highly absorptive condition without undergoing any chemical or physical diameter significantly. After scouring process materials because suitable for next bleaching process.

c). Straightening of wool fibres is known as carding.

d). Some of the Indian sheep breeds are:-

• angora and cashmere goat
• yak
• bactrian camel
• angora rabbit
• llama and alpaca