Long answers
1. How do microorganisms cleanse the environment?
2. Name the causative microorganism which causes:- (a) Rust in wheat. (b) Blast in paddy. (c). Yellow-vein mosaic in bhindi (okra).
Answers
Explanation:
1. The microbes simply eat up contaminants such as oil and organic matter (e.g., waste food), convert them and then let off carbon dioxide and water. The process uses naturally occurring bacteria, fungi or plants to degrade substances that are hazardous to human health or the environment.
2.1.
Puccinia triticina
The Causative microorganism which causes rust disease in wheat is a fungus named Puccinia triticina.
2.2 Magnaporthe oryzae
The fungus that causes rice blast is called Magnaporthe oryzae (formerly Magnaporthe grisea) (Figure 9). It is an ascomycete because it produces sexual spores (ascospores) in structures called asci, and is classified in the newly erected family Magnaporthaceae
2.3. Bhendi yellow vein mosaic virus (BYVMV) or okra yellow vein mosaic (OYVMV) is a viral disease caused by monopartite Begomovirus affecting okra plants. It was first found in 1924 in Bombay, India, and Sri Lanka. It is the major limitation of the production of okra. This disease is transmitted by whitefly.
Answer 1
the microbes decompose dead organic wastes of plants and animals converting them into simple substance , this substance is again used by other plants and animals Thus ,microorganism can be used to degrade the harmful and smelly substance and thereby cleans the environment .