long essay on land forms?
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Landforms
Landforms are the physical features on the Earth’s surface. Mountains, Plateaus and Plains are some major landforms of the Earth. Natural processes such as weathering, water, elevation, sinking, and erosion of the soil are constantly shaping the Earth’s surface. It doesn’t really happen overnight. In fact, it takes hundreds and thousands of years for us to notice these changes. These processes lead to the formation of various landforms. In other words, landforms originate from these geological processes. Let’s understand the processes that shape the landforms.
Types of Landforms
Types of LandformsDepending upon the elevation and slope, landforms can be categorized into Mountains, Plateaus, and Plains. Let us look at them individually.
A Mountain is any landmass that is higher and steeper than a hill. A hill is a landform that extends above the surrounding terrain. In general, the mountains are higher than 2000 ft. Like in any other natural elevation such as atmosphere, as you go higher, the temperature drops and the climate becomes colder. Thus, habitation becomes harsher. And that’s why there is less habitation in the mountainous areas.
Plateaus are elevated flatlands. In other words, it is flat land which is standing high above the surrounding area. Furthermore, they may have one or more sides with steep slopes. Also, depending upon the plateau, their height varies from a few hundred meters to several thousand meters.
Plains are the most fertile regions. They are stretches of largely flat land. These stretches of land are the most suitable for human habitation and agriculture activities like farming and poultry.
In humid regions, which receive heavy rainfall running water is considered the most important of the geomorphic agents in bringing about the degradation of the land surface. Most of the erosional landforms made by running water are associated with vigorous and youthful rivers flowing along gradients. Overland flow causes sheet erosion. Depending upon irregularities of the land surface, the overland flow may concentrate into narrow to wide paths.
The divisions between drainage basins are likewise lowered until they are almost completely flattened leaving finally, a lowland of faint relief with some low resistant remnants called monadnocks standing out here and there. This type of plain forming as a result of stream erosion is called a peneplain (an almost plain).