long note on firoz shah tuglaq
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Sultan Firoz Shah Tughlaq (1309 – 20 September 1388) was a Turkic Muslim ruler of the Tughlaq Dynasty, who reigned over the Sultanate of Delhi thorugh Sharia from 1351 to 1388. His father's name was Rajab (the younger brother of Ghazi Malik) who had the title Sipahsalar.[citation needed] He succeeded his cousin Muhammad bin Tughlaq following the latter's death at Thatta in Sindh, where Muhammad bin Tughlaq had gone in pursuit of Taghi the ruler of Gujarat. For the first time in the history of Delhi Sultanate, a situation was confronted wherein nobody was ready to accept the reins of power. With much difficulty, the camp followers convinced Firoz to accept the responsibility. In fact, Khwaja Jahan, the Wazir of Muhammad bin Tughlaq had placed a small boy on throne claiming him to the son of Muhammad bin Tughlaq, who meekly surrendered afterwards. Due to widespread unrest, his realm was much smaller than Muhammad's. Tughlaq was forced by rebellions to concede virtual independence to Bengal and other provinces
Answer:
Muhammad Bin Tughlaq was succeeded by his cousin Firoz in 1351 CE.He try to reconquer the territories of Bengal and Sind but failed.This drained the state treasury.
A just and benevolent ruler Feroz Shah reduced the taxes in the Doab.The state levied only four taxes prescribed by the Quran.He also carried out many works of public utility.The poor and needy were given generous financial assistance.He also abolished torture and all of the revolt in forms of punishment.Justice was administered according to the dictates of the Quran.
No other king of the Delhi sultanate was such an enthusiastic builder.He founded the towns of Firozabad,Fatehabad, Jaunpur and Feroz Shah Kotla. He built 50 madrasas, 40 mosques,30 colleges and hundred hospitals in the environ of the capital.The Firoz Shahi Madrasa at Hauz Khas in Delhi was a centre of higher education for the Muslims.During his reign 1200 new Gardens were laid out in the vicinity of Delhi.
On Firoz Shah Tughlaq's death in 1348 CE at the age of 80,a scramble for power began between rival princes.Timur's invasion of India in 1398 CE led to the disintegration of the Empire.
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