Question

long note on jalauddin and alauddin khalji

Answer 1

The Khilji dynasty was a Muslim dynasty which ruled large parts of the Indian subcontinent between 1290 and 1320. It was founded by Jalal ud din Firuz Khilji and became the second dynasty to rule the Delhi Sultanate of India. The dynasty is known for their faithlessness and ferocity, conquests into the Hindu south, and for successfully fending off the repeated Mongol invasions of India.The Khiljis were of Turko-Afghan origin: a Turkic people that had settled in Afghanistan before moving to Delhi. The ancestors of Jalaluddin Khalji had lived in the Helmand and Lamghan regions for over 200 years.

There is some debate about the ethnic group that the Khiljis belonged to, when the dynasty ruled. The Khalaj people in western Iran speak the Khalaj language. The modern Pashto-speaking Ghilzai Afghans are also descendants of Khalaj people; their transformation into an ethnic Afghan group can be dated to earlier than the 16th century. After a number of ethnic transformations, the Afghan Khalaj became the Ghilzay tribe of Afghans. Between the 10th and 13th centuries, some sources refer to the Khalaj people as of Turkic, but some others do not. Ibn Khordadbeh (9th century) mentions the Khalaj people while describing the "land of the Turks". But the distance between the Amu Darya and the Talas is such as it would have been impossible for the tribes living beyond the Amu Darya to use the Talas pastures as winter quarters, leading to the conclusion that the text has been corrupted somehow or that some Khalaj still lived near the Khallukh at the time. Minorsky argues that the early history of the Khalaj tribe is obscure and adds that the identity of the name Khalaj is still to be proved. Mahmud al-Kashgari (11th century) does not include the Khalaj among the Oghuz Turkic tribes, but includes them among the Oghuz-Turkman (where Turkman meant "Like the Turks") tribes. Kashgari felt the Khalaj did not belong to the original stock of Turkish tribes but had associated with them and therefore, in language and dress, often appeared "like Turks". The 11th century Tarikh-i Sistan and the Firdausi's Shahnameh also distinguish and differentiate the Khalaj from the Turks. Minhaj-i-Siraj Juzjani (13th century) never identified Khalaj as Turks, but was careful not to refer to them as Afghans. They were always a category apart from Turks, Tajiks and Afghans. Muhammad ibn Najib Bakran's Jahan-nama explicitly describes them as Turkic, although he notes that that their complexion had become darker (compared to the Turks) and their language had undergone enough alterations to become a distinct dialect.

Answer 2

Answer:

ᴊᴀʟᴀᴜᴅᴅɪɴ ᴋʜᴀʟᴊɪ ༻

ᴀɴs :- ғɪʀᴏᴢ sʜᴀʜ ᴛᴏᴏᴋ ᴛʜᴇ ɴᴀᴍᴇ ᴏғ ᴊᴀʟᴀᴜᴅᴅɪɴ ᴏɴ ᴀsᴄᴇɴᴅɪɴɢ ᴛʜᴇ ᴛʜʀᴏɴᴇ . ʜᴇ ᴡᴀs 70 ʏᴇᴀʀs ᴏʟᴅ ʙʏ ᴛʜᴇɴ. ʜᴇ ᴡᴀs ᴀ ʙᴇɴᴇᴠᴏʟᴇɴᴛ ʀᴜʟᴇʀ , ʙᴜᴛ ʜɪs ᴀᴅᴍɪɴɪsᴛʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ʜᴀs ʙᴇᴇɴ ᴄʀɪᴛɪᴄɪsᴇᴅ ᴀs ʙᴇɪɴɢ ᴡᴇᴀᴋ. ᴛʜᴇ ᴍᴏsᴛ ɪᴍᴘᴏᴛᴀɴᴛ ᴇᴠᴇɴᴛ ᴅᴜʀɪɴɢ ʜɪs ʀᴜʟᴇ ᴡᴀᴅ ᴛʜᴇ ᴀᴛᴛᴀᴄᴋ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ᴍᴏɴɢᴏʟs , ᴡʜɪᴄʜ ᴡᴀs ʀᴇᴘᴜʟsᴇᴅ ʙʏ ᴊᴀʟᴀᴜᴅᴅɪɴ . ʜᴇ ᴡᴀs ᴛʀᴇᴀᴄʜᴏᴜsʟʏ ᴋɪʟʟᴇᴅ ʙʏ ʜɪs ᴀᴍʙɪᴛɪᴏᴜs ɴᴇᴘʜᴇᴡ ᴀʟᴀᴜᴅᴅɪɴ ᴋʜᴀʟᴊɪ , ᴡʜᴏ ᴡᴇɴᴛ ᴏɴ ᴛᴏ sᴇᴄᴄᴇᴅᴇᴅ ʜɪᴍ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ᴛʜʀᴏɴᴇ ᴏғ ᴅᴇʟʜɪ .

⛄ᴀʟᴀᴜᴅᴅɪɴ ᴋʜᴀʟᴊɪ⛄

ᴀɴs :-ᴛʜᴇ 14ᴛʜ ᴄᴇɴᴛᴜʀʏ ᴀғʀɪᴄᴀɴ ᴛʀᴀᴠᴇʟʟᴇʀ ɪʙɴ ʙᴀᴛᴜᴛᴀ ʜᴇʟᴅ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴀʟᴀᴜᴅᴅɪɴ ᴋʜᴀʟᴊɪ ᴅᴇsᴇʀᴠᴇᴅ ᴛᴏ ʙᴇ ᴄᴏɴsɪᴅᴇʀᴇᴅ 'ᴏɴᴇ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ʙᴇsᴛ sᴜʟᴛᴀɴs ' . ʙᴜᴛ , ʜᴇ ᴡᴀs ᴀʟsᴏ ᴋɴᴏᴡɴ ᴛᴏ ʙᴇ ᴀ ᴄʀᴜᴇʟ ʀᴇsᴏʟᴜᴛᴇ ʀᴜʟᴇʀ . ᴀʟᴀᴜᴅᴅɪɴ ᴋʜᴀʟᴊɪ's ᴀᴍʙɪᴛɪᴏɴ ᴡᴀs ᴛᴏ ᴄᴏɴǫᴜᴇʀ ᴛʜᴇ ᴡᴏʀʟᴅ ʟɪᴋᴇ ᴀʟᴇxᴀɴᴅᴇʀ ᴛʜᴇ ɢʀᴇᴀᴛ , ʙᴜᴛ ʜᴇ ᴄᴏᴜʟᴅ ɴᴏᴛ ғᴜʟғɪʟʟ ʜɪs ᴡɪsʜ .