Long Questions
1.What is photosynthesis?Write its chemical equation and also explain the role of leaves in photosynthesis
2.Depending upon the mode of nutrition,what are the various types of non-green plants?Explain with suitable examples.
3.Describe an activity to prove that light is essential for photosynthesis(should contain aim of the activity,materials required,procedure,observation and conclusion)
Answers
1. The process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize nutrients from carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis in plants generally involves the green pigment chlorophyll . A simple word equation that can be used to describe the process of photosynthesis is carbon dioxide + water —> glucose + oxygen + water. Leaves typically have a large surface area that contains chloroplasts to absorb sunlight for the process of photosynthesis. The chloroplasts contain a substance called chlorophyll. Chlorophyll is the substance that makes leaves appear green and allows them to absorb sunlight easily.
2. Non-green plants are plants that do not contain chlorophyll and hence they are dependent on other source for their nutrition . Such plant follow heterotrophic mode of nutrition in which they get their nutrition either from other plant dead and decaying matter.
there are two types of non-green plants :
PARASITES :
These type of non-green plants obtain their nutrition by growing on a healthy green plant that r capable of performing photosynthesis, such that they can derive valuable nutrition from them . E.G. CASCUTA
SAPROTROPHS:
They obtain their nutrition frm dead and decaying matter. they absorbs valuable nutrition frm them by secreting digestive enzymes, which convert them into simple absorbable form. E.G : MUSHROOMS
3. Experiment to Prove Light is Essential for Photosynthesis!Experiment:
Objective:
To show experimentally that light is essential for photosynthesis.
Apparatus and materials required:
A healthy potted plant, a petri dish, a beaker containing water, forceps, a water bath, a piece of wire gauze, a tripod, a burner, a box of matches, alcohol a strip of black paper, iodine solution and clips.
Procedure:
1. Take the potted plant and keep it in a dark place for 2-3 days so that the leaves get destarched.
2. Cover a part of one of its leaves with the strip of black paper. Make sure that you cover both the sides of the leaf.
3. Now place this plant in sunlight for 3—4 hours.
4. Pluck the selected covered leaf and remove the black paper covering it.
5. Place this leaf in the beaker containing water and boil it for about 10 minutes.
6. Take out the leaf and now boil it in alcohol, using the water bath, for 10 minutes. This removes the chlorophyll.
7. Take out the leaf and wash it under running water.
8. Place this leaf in the Petri dish and put a few drops of iodine solution on it. Now observe the change in colour.
Observations:
The leaf turns blue-black except in the covered region. As this covered region did not receive light, photosynthesis did not occur. Hence no starch was formed there. The uncovered region received light and starch was formed there due to photosynthesis.
Result:Light is essential for photosynthesis.
Precautions:1. Before starting the experiment, the leaf must be distracted.
2. The leaf must be covered with black paper properly to prevent the entry of light.
3. Boiling the leaf in alcohol should be done in the water bath.
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ceThe process nts and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize nutrients from carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis in plants generally involves the green pigment chlorophyll . A simple word equation that can be used to describe the process of photosynthesis is carbon dioxide + water —> glucose + oxygen + water. Leaves typically have a large surface area that contains chloroplasts to absorb sunlight for the process of photosynthesis. The chloroplasts contain a substance called chlorophyll. Chlorophyll is the substance that makes leaves appear green and allows them to absorb sunlight easily.
2. Non-green plants are plants that do not contain chlorophyll and hence they are dependent on other source for their nutrition . Such plant follow heterotrophic mode of nutrition in which they get their nutrition either from other plant dead and decaying matter.
there are two types of non-green plants :
PARASITES :
These type of non-green plants obtain their nutrition by growing on a healthy green plant that r capable of performing photosynthesis, such that they can derive valuable nutrition from them . E.G. CASCUTA
SAPROTROPHS:
They obtain their nutrition frm dead and decaying matter. they absorbs valuable nutrition frm them by secreting digestive enzymes, which convert them into simple absorbable form. E.G : MUSHROOMS
3. Experiment to Prove Light is Essential for Photosynthesis!Experiment:
Objective:
To show experimentally that light is essential for photosynthesis.
Apparatus and materials required:
A healthy potted plant, a petri dish, a beaker containing water, forceps, a water bath, a piece of wire gauze, a tripod, a burner, a box of matches, alcohol a strip of black paper, iodine solution and clips.
Procedure:
1. Take the potted plant and keep it in a dark place for 2-3 days so that the leaves get destarched.
2. Cover a part of one of its leaves with the strip of black paper. Make sure that you cover both the sides of the leaf.
3. Now place this plant in sunlight for 3—4 hours.
4. Pluck the selected covered leaf and remove the black paper covering it.
5. Place this leaf in the beaker containing water and boil it for about 10 minutes.
6. Take out the leaf and now boil it in alcohol, using the water bath, for 10 minutes. This removes the chlorophyll.
7. Take out the leaf and wash it under running water.
8. Place this leaf in the Petri dish and put a few drops of iodine solution on it. Now observe the change in colour.
Observations:
The leaf turns blue-black except in the covered region. As this covered region did not receive light, photosynthesis did not occur. Hence no starch was formed there. The uncovered region received light and starch was formed there due to photosynthesis.
Result:Light is essential for photosynthesis.
Precautions:1. Before starting the experiment, the leaf must be distracted.
2. The leaf must be covered with black paper properly to prevent the entry of light.
3. Boiling the leaf in alcohol should be done in the water bath.