Question

look at the following potential energy curve which if the following correctly represents the most stable state of hydrogen molecule
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Answer 1

Answer:

At large distances, the energy is zero, meaning that there is no interaction. This agrees with our understanding that two atoms placed infinitely far apart do not interact with each other in any meaningful way, or at the very least we can say that they are not bonded to each other. As the atoms start approaching one another, the force of attraction between the nucleus of one and electron of the other, and vice versa comes into play. Similarly repulsive forces between the two nuclei and between the two atom's electrons also exists. The distance at which the repulsive forces are exactly balanced by attractive forces is bond length. Here, the energy is minimum. If the two atoms are further brought closer to each other, repulsive forces become more dominant and energy increases.

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Answer 2

The most stable state of the hydrogen molecule is the one in which the Potential Energy is the minimum i.e. the bonded state.

• When two atoms interact with each other, they experience 4 kinds of forces.
• Two of these forces are attractive (between the nucleus of atom 1 and electrons of atom 2, and (between the nucleus of atom 2 and electrons of atom 1).
• The other two are repulsive ( between electrons of atoms and nucleus of atom 2 and vice versa).
• The internuclear distance at which the potential energy of the system is minimum gives the bond length of the given molecule.