Question

Look at the picture of the three beakers. Assume that the cells in the beakers are animal cells. For each beaker, explain what type of solution is outside of each cell and also explain what is going to happen to each cell based on what you know about osmosis.

Answer 1

The three beakers exhibit osmosis in different concentrations with respect to the outside of the cell.

Osmotic solution

Beaker one(Isotonic solution)

• An isotonic arrangement has similar convergence of solutes both inside and outside the cell. Under these circumstances, there is no net development of dissolvable; for this situation, how much water enters and leaves the phone's film is equivalent.

Beaker two(hypotonic arrangement)

• In a hypotonic arrangement, there is a higher convergence of solutes inside the cell than outside the cell. At the point when this happens, more dissolvable will enter the cell than pass on it to adjust the grouping of solute. The cell will shrink

Beaker three(hypertonic arrangement)

• A hypertonic arrangement is something contrary to a hypotonic arrangement; there is more solute outside the cell than inside it. In this sort of arrangement, more dissolvable will leave the cell than enter it to bring down the centralization of solute outside the cell. The cell will burst.

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Answer 2

Answer:

The three beakers presented here show osmosis in 3 different types of solutions with varying concentrations in relation to the cell sap.

1. Beaker A - Isotonic solution-  No diffusion of water.

2. Beaker B - Hypotonic solution- Water will diffuse into the cell (endosmosis) and increase in cell size.

3. Beaker C - Hypertonic solution- Water will diffuse out (exosmosis) and the protoplasm contract or shrink.

Explanation:

• The picture demonstrates the phenomenon of Osmosis.

• Osmosis (Nollet, 1748) is the movement of water or solvent from a solution having a higher concentration to a solution having a lower concentration when the two are separated by a semipermeable membrane.

Beaker A:

Isotonic solution (iso = the same)

• A solution with a concentration same or equal to that of the cell sap is known as isotonic. (The concentration of the surrounding solution is equal to the concentration of cell sap.)

• If a cell is placed in an isotonic solution there would be no diffusion of water. As a result, there is no change in the volume and weight of the cell.

Beaker B:

Hypotonic solution (hypo = less than)

• When the concentration of a solution is less than that of the cell sap, it is known as hypotonic. (i.e. The concentration of the surrounding solution is lower than the concentration of cell sap.)

• If a cell is immersed in a hypotonic solution, water will diffuse into the cell (endosmosis) and it will increase in size.

Beaker C:

Hypertonic solution (hyper = more than)

• A solution whose concentration is more than that of the cell sap is known as hypertonic. (i.e. The concentration of the surrounding solution is greater than the concentration of cell sap.)

• If a cell is placed in such a solution, water will diffuse out of it (exosmosis) and the protoplasm would contract or shrink.

• For instance, If the osmotic concentration of the cell sap is 0.5 M, then 0.5 M solution is isotonic to it.

• Solutions of 0.6 M or of more concentration are hypertonic and those of less than 0.5 M concentration are hypotonic.

• Likewise, here, the osmotic concentration of the cell sap is 10%, thus 10% salt solution is isotonic (Beaker A).

• The solution of 30% salt is hypertonic (Beaker C) and the 2% salt solution concentration is hypotonic (Beaker B).

• Beaker A - No diffusion of water./ no change in the volume and weight of the cell

• Beaker B - Water will diffuse into the cell (endosmosis) and increase in cell size.

• Beaker C - Water will diffuse out (exosmosis) and the shrinkage of protoplasm can be seen.

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