लसीका रुधिर के ड्रेस के सामने है लेकिन यह ड्रेस और इसमें अल्प मात्रा में ड्रेस है
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Lymphedema is the abnormal buildup of fluid in soft tissue due to a blockage in the lymphatic system. The lymphatic system helps fight infection and other diseases by carrying lymph throughout the body. Lymph is a colorless fluid containing white blood cells. Lymph may also be called lymphatic fluid.
Lymph travels through the body using a network of thin tubes called vessels. Small glands called lymph nodes filter bacteria and other harmful substances out of this fluid. But when the lymph nodes are removed or damaged, lymphatic fluid collects in the surrounding tissues and makes them swell.
Lymphedema may develop immediately after surgery or radiation therapy. Or, it may occur months or even years after cancer treatment has ended. Most often, lymphedema affects the arms and legs. But it can also happen in the neck, face, mouth, abdomen, groin, or other parts of the body.
Lymphedema can occur in people with many types of cancers, including:
Bladder cancer
Breast cancer
Head and neck cancer
Melanoma
Ovarian cancer
Penile cancer
Prostate cancer
Symptoms of lymphedema
People with lymphedema in their arm or leg may have the following symptoms:
Swelling that begins in the arm or leg
A heavy feeling in the arm or leg
Weakness or less flexibility
Rings, watches, or clothes that become too tight
Discomfort or pain
Tight, shiny, warm, or red skin
Hardened skin, or skin that does not indent when pressed
Thicker skin
Skin that may look like an orange peel (swollen with small indentations)
Small blisters that leak clear fluid
Symptoms of head and neck lymphedema include:
Swelling of the eyes, face, lips, neck, or area below the chin
Discomfort or tightness in any of the affected areas
Difficulty moving the neck, jaw, or shoulders
Thickening and scarring of the skin on the neck and face, called fibrosis
Decreased vision because of swollen eyelids
Difficulty swallowing, speaking, or breathing
Drooling or loss of food from the mouth while eating
Nasal congestion or long-lasting middle ear pain, if swelling is severe
Symptoms of lymphedema may begin slowly and are not always easy to detect. Sometimes the only symptoms may be heaviness or aching in an arm or leg. Other times, lymphedema may begin more suddenly.
If you develop any symptoms of lymphedema, talk with your doctor as soon as possible. You will need to learn how to manage the symptoms so they do not get worse. Because swelling is sometimes a sign of cancer, it is also important to see your doctor to be sure that the cancer has not come back.
Causes of lymphedema
Lymphedema can be a long-term side effect of some cancer treatments. The most common causes of lymphedema in cancer survivors include:
Surgery in which lymph nodes were removed. For example, surgery for breast cancer often involves removing 1 or more lymph nodes under the arm to check for cancer. This can cause lymphedema in the arm.
Radiation therapy or other causes of inflammation or scarring in the lymph nodes and lymph vessels
Blockage of the lymph nodes and/or lymph vessels by the cancer
The risk of lymphedema increases with the number of lymph nodes and lymph vessels removed or damaged during cancer treatment or biopsies. Sometimes lymphedema is not related to cancer or its treatment. For instance, a bacterial or fungal infection or another disease involving the lymphatic system may cause this problem.
Diagnosing lymphedema
A doctor is often able to find lymphedema by looking at the affected area. But sometimes he or she will recommend additional tests to confirm a diagnosis, plan treatment, or rule out other causes of the symptoms. These tests may include:
Measuring the affected part of the body with a tape measure to monitor swelling
Placing the affected arm or leg into a water tank to calculate the volume of fluid that has built up
Creating a picture of the lymphatic system using an imaging method called lymphoscintigraphy. This is a reliable test, but it is not commonly used.
Watching the flow of fluid through the lymph system using an ultrasound. This imaging test uses sound waves to create a picture of the inside of the body. An ultrasound can also be used to rule out blood clots as a cause of the swelling.
Having a computed tomography (CT or CAT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These tests show the pattern of lymph drainage and whether a tumor or other mass is blocking the flow of the lymphatic system. Doctors do not usually use CT and MRI scans to diagnose lymphedema unless they are concerned about a possible cancer recurrence.
Using other tools to diagnose lymphedema. These include perometry, which uses infrared light beams, or a bioimpedance spectroscopy, which measures electrical currents flowing through body tissues.
It is also important to make sure another illness is not causing the swelling. Your doctor may perform other tests to rule out heart disease, blood clots, infection, liver or kidney failure, or an allergic reaction.
Stages of lymphedema
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