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Explanation:
are recorded, whereas a cash account is an account within a general ledger.
There are three common types of cash books: single column, double column, and triple column.
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Cash Book
How a Cash Book Works
A cash book is set up as a subsidiary to the general ledger in which all cash transactions made during an accounting period are recorded in chronological order. Larger organizations usually divide the cash book into two parts: the cash disbursement journal, which records all cash payments, and the cash receipts journal, which records all cash received into the business.1
The cash disbursement journal would include items such as payments made to vendors to reduce accounts payable, and the cash receipts journal would include items such as payments made by customers on outstanding accounts receivable or cash sales.
The primary goal of a cash book is to manage cash efficiently, making it easy to determine cash balances at any point in time, allowing managers and company accountants to budget their cash effectively when needed. It is also much faster to access cash information in a cash book than by following the cash through a ledger.
Cash Book vs. Cash Account
A cash book and a cash account differ in a few ways. A cash book is a separate ledger in which cash transactions are recorded, whereas a cash account is an account within a general ledger. A cash book serves the purpose of both the journal and ledger, whereas a cash account is structured like a ledger. Details or narration about the source or use of funds are required in a cash book but not in a cash account.2
There are numerous reasons why a business might record transactions using a cash book instead of a cash account. Daily cash balances are easy to access and determine. Mistakes can be detected easily through verification, and entries are kept up to date, as the balance is verified daily. By contrast, balances in cash accounts are commonly reconciled at the end of the month after the issuance of the monthly bank statement.
Recording in a Cash Book
All transactions in a cash book have two sides: debit and credit. All cash receipts are recorded on the left-hand side as a debit, and all cash payments are recorded by date on the right-hand side as a credit. The difference between the left and right sides shows the balance of cash on hand, which should be a net debit balance if cash flow is positive.3
The cash book is set up in columns. There are three common versions of the cash book: single column, double column, and triple column. The single-column cash book shows only receipts and payments of cash. The double-column cash book shows cash receipts and payments as well as details about bank transactions. The triple column cash book shows all of the above plus information about purchase or sales discounts.3
A typical single column cash book will have these four column headers: “date,” “description,” “reference” (or “folio number”), and “amount.” These headers are present for both the left side showing receipts and the right side showing payments. The date column is the date of the transaction.3
Because the cash book is updated continuously, it will be in chronological order by transaction. In the description column, the accountant writes a short description or narration of the transaction. In the reference or ledger folio column, the accountant inputs the account number for the related general ledger account. The amount of the transaction is recorded in the final column.3
Examples of Cash Book Format
Single Column Cash Book
Date Description Folio Number Amount Received Date Description Folio Number Amount Paid
Double Column Cash Book
Date Description Folio Number Amount Received Bank Date Description Folio Number Amount Paid Bank
Triple Column Cash Book
Date Description Folio Number Amount Received Bank Discount Date Description Folio Number Amount Paid Bank Discount
What Is the Purpose of a Cash Book?
A cash book is set up as a subsidiary to the general ledger in which all cash transactions made during an accounting period are recorded in chronological order. The primary goal of a cash book is to manage cash efficiently, making it easy to determine cash balances at any point in time, allowing managers and company accountants to budget their cash effectively. It is also much faster to access cash information in a cash book than by following the cash through a ledger.
What Are the Two Components of a Cash Book?
Larger organizations usually divide the cash book
चेहरे के भाव 21 प्रकार के होते हैं।
- भावनाओं के चेहरे के भावों पर पिछले शोध ने छह बुनियादी श्रेणियों के अध्ययन पर ध्यान केंद्रित किया है जो खुशी, आश्चर्य, क्रोध, उदासी, भय और घृणा हैं। हालाँकि, भावनाओं के कई और चेहरे के भाव मौजूद हैं और मनुष्यों द्वारा नियमित रूप से उपयोग किए जाते हैं। यह पत्र भावों के एक महत्वपूर्ण समूह का वर्णन करता है, जिसे हम यौगिक भावना श्रेणियां कहते हैं। यौगिक भावनाएँ वे हैं जिनका निर्माण बुनियादी घटक श्रेणियों को मिलाकर नए लोगों को बनाने के लिए किया जा सकता है। उदाहरण के लिए, खुशी से हैरान और गुस्से से हैरान दो अलग-अलग यौगिक भावना श्रेणियां हैं।
- वर्तमान कार्य 21 विशिष्ट भावना श्रेणियों को परिभाषित करता है। उनके चेहरे के भावों के नमूना चित्र 230 मानव विषयों से एकत्र किए गए थे। एक फेशियल एक्शन कोडिंग सिस्टम विश्लेषण से पता चलता है कि इन 21 श्रेणियों का उत्पादन अलग-अलग है, लेकिन वे उन अधीनस्थ श्रेणियों के अनुरूप हैं जिनका वे प्रतिनिधित्व करते हैं (उदाहरण के लिए, खुशी से आश्चर्यचकित अभिव्यक्ति खुशी और आश्चर्य में देखी गई मांसपेशियों की गतिविधियों को जोड़ती है)।
अतः चेहरे के भाव 21 प्रकार के होते हैं।
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