Question

Magnesium. aluminium, zinc and iron were put in different test tubes containing dilute
hydrochloric acid. In which test tube will the rate of formation of bubbles of hydrogen gas be
fastest and why?​

Answer 1

Reactions of metals with acids:-

Dilute acids react with relatively reactive metals such as magnesium, aluminium, zinc and iron. The products of the reaction are a salt plus hydrogen gas.

metal + acid → salt + hydrogen

Here’s a good way to remember it: MASH (M+A→S+H).

The name of the salt depends on the name of the acid. For example:

magnesium + hydrochloric acid → magnesium chloride + hydrogen

Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2

zinc + sulfuric acid → zinc sulfate + hydrogen

Zn + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2

In general, the more reactive the metal, the faster the reaction. However, aluminium has a protective oxide layer, so it reacts slowly with acids to begin with.

Answer 2

Add few drops of solution from all three test tubes on the red litmus paper separately. The solution which turns red litmus to blue contains basic solution. Use this blue litmus paper to test the solutions in other two test tubes. The solution from the test tube which turns blue litmus paper to red will be the acidic solution and solution of the test tube which do not change either red or blue litmus paper contain water.

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