main points in chapter body fluids and circulation
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- Body fluids are the medium of transport of nutrients, oxygen and other important substances in the body
- Blood is the most commonly used body fluid in most of the higher organisms. Lymph also transports certain substances like protein and fats.
- Plasma is straw coloured viscous fluid that constitutes 55% of blood volume. It consists of 90-92% water, 6-8% protein (fibrinogens, albumins and globulins), glucose, amino acids and small amount of minerals like Na+, Ca++, Cl– etc.
- Erythrocytes, leucocytes and platelets are collectively called formed elements.
- Erythrocytes are most abundant cells in human body. Total blood count of RBCs is 5-5.5 million, which is slightly less in females due to menstruation. It is formed in bone marrow. Nucleus is absent in mammalian RBCs having biconcave shape.
- Every 100 ml of blood contain 12-16 gm. of haemoglobin. They have life span of 120 days. They are destroyed in spleen( graveyard of RBCs)
- Leucocytes or WBCs are colourless due to absence of haemoglobin. 6000-8000 of WBCs are present in each ml. of blood.
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