Make a list if disease causing microbes and their causative agents, symptoms and treatmemt
Answers
Infection is a successful invasion of pathogenic micro-organisms including bacteria, viruses, fungi and algae. Treatment of such types of infections depend upon the type of causative agent. Generally bacteria are of two types namely gram positive and gram negative. Both types of bacteria are capable of causing different infections to humans. Here in you will find a list of some common bacterial infections with their treatment and prevention.
Infections causeed by Gram positive bacteria
Sr. No. Name of bacteria Disease caused Type of pathogenesis Medicine for used Properties Prevention
1. Staphylococcus aureus Boils, abscesses,Toxic shock infection,
Wound infection,
Skin infections,
Food poisoning
Toxicgenic and pyogenic Daptomycin,Vancomycin,
Gentamycin,
Clindamycin,
Ceftaroline Fosamil
More than 90% contain beta lactamases and they perform coagulase production. Use refrigerating food,Reduce I/V drug used,
Keep clean your environment.
2. Staphylococcus epidermidis Endocarditus and joint infection Pyogenic Vancomycin,Rifampin,
Aminoglycosides
It does not produce mannitol,It is harmless. Avoid excessive use of I/V catheters.
3. Staphylococcus saprophyticus Urinary tract infection Pyogenic Ciprofloxacin or any other Quinolone It does not produce mannitol,It is harmless. Use preventive measures during sexual activity.
4. Streptococcus pyogenous Pharyngitis,
Cellulitus,
Scar let fever,
Rheumatic fever
Pyogenic, toxigenic and immune mediated Ciprofloxacin,
Augmentin
These are catalase negative.
It is beta hemolytic.
Prevent I/V administration,
Avoid from sour materials.
5. Streptococcus agalactiae Meningitis,In new natals Pyogenic Penicillin Bacitracin resistant
6. Streptococcus bovis endocarditus pyogenic Ceftriaxone and gentamycin Related to group D and it is alpha hemolytic
7. Streptococcus pneumoniae Neumonia Pyogenic Penicillin G and penicillin V and ciprofloxacin Alpha hemolytic, Catalase negative Vaccination.
8. Viridians streptococci Endocarditus Pyogenic Erythromycin Alpha hemolytic Reduce I/V administration
9. Bacillus anthracis Anthrax Pathogenic Ciprofloxacin and Doxycyciline Rod shaped gram positive,
Non motile
10. Bacillus cereus Food poisoning Exotoxin Omeprazole and sodium bicarbonate Motile, rod shaped gram positive bacteria Prevent from spicy food
11. Clostridium tetani Tetanus Exotoxin Tetanus immuno globulin Anaerobic, spore forming
12. Clostridium botulinum Botulism Toxin Trivalent antitoxin made from horse. Spore forming,Block the secretion of acetylcholine Sterilization of cans and packets.
13. Clostridium perfringens Gas gangrene and food poisoning Toxin Penicillin G It damage the cell membrane including erythrocytes Wound should be cleaned properly.
14. Clostridium difficile Cloitus and diarhea Exotoxin Metronidazole and vancomycin It mostly occur in hospitalized patients by hands Keep your hands clean.
15. Corynebacteriu m diphtheriae Diphtheriae Toxicgenic and non toxicgenic Erythromycin and penicillin G It is easily seperadable
16. Listeria monocytogenes meningitus Ampicillin, gentamycin It is L shaped it causes beta homolysis. Don’t use unpasteurized milk or raw vegetables.
Infections caused by Gram negative bacteria
Sr. No. Name of bacteria Disease caused Type of pathogenesis Medicine for used Properties Prevention
1. Neisseria menigitidis meningitis Endotoxin, pyogenic Penicillin G Mostly enters from the upper respiratory tract,Beta lactamases is absent
2. Neisseria gonorrhoeae Gonorrhea Pyogenic Ceftriaxone and Doxycyaciline Virulence is less
3. Escherichia coil Urinary tract infection Enterotoxins Ampicillin, Cefotaxine Straight rod shape bacteria, anaerobic, ferment lactose Don’t misuse the catheters.
4. Salmonella typhi Typhoid fever Pathogencity Ceftriaxone, Ciprofloxacin Curved shaped Use proper cooked food
5. Shigella (bacillary dysentery) Enterocolitis Pathogenic Ciprofloxacin Non lactose fermenting, non motile Use proper cooked food
6. Vibrio cholerae Cholera Enterotoxin Tetracycline, Electrolytes and glucose Also known as Rice water stool. Use proper cooked food
7. Campylobacter jejuni Enterocholitis Inflammatory Erythromycin, Ciprofloxacin May be curved or S shaped. Personal hygiene
8. Helicobacter pylori Gastric peptic ulcer Inflammatory Bismuth trisyclicate,Amoxicillin,
MTZ
Curved gram negative bacteria Prevent spicy food and take well cooked food.