Question

Make a list of any three functions of state government and central government each in the federal system. in points.​

Answer 1

In a federal form of government, the state government is the government of a country’s subdivisions and shares political power with the national government.

In the Constitution of India, which is a sovereign socialist secular democratic republic, the country has three levels of governments: the Central, the States and the Union Territories, besides the third level of governments, comprising the panchayats in rural areas and municipalities in urban areas. In India, the state governments are the level of government below the central government. Each state of the country is governed by the state government. There are 29 state governments in our country, each of which is headed by the governor and the chief minister. The CM also heads the council of ministers.

Structure of the state government

Executive: State Executive comprises the governor and the chief minister with his council of Ministers. The Governor of each state is appointed by the President for a period of five years. Executive power of the state is vested in the governor. But the actual powers for proper functioning of the state are vested in the CM and his council of ministers.

Judiciary: State high courts have jurisdiction over the whole state. In the states, the judicial setup is headed by the chief justice. He manages and controls the entire judicial system of the state pertaining to criminal, civil and all other forms of litigation. State high courts have to, however, report to the Supreme Court of India, which may override the high court’s findings and judgements.

Legislature: Each state has a legislative assembly. It consists of the governor and one House or two Houses, as the case may be. In seven states, the state government’s legislature is bicameral. These states are Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh. These states have two Houses known as legislative council and legislative assembly. The rest of the states are unicameral. There is only one House known as legislative assembly. State Legislature or State Assemblies are headed by the CM.

Answer 2

Answer:

The Separation of Powers idea serves as the foundation for both state and federal government operations. A government's executive, legislative, or judicial branches all have the legal authority to conduct certain actions.

Explanation:

Powers of the central government:

• Issue currency.

• Start wars.

• Establish military branches.

• Sign agreements with other countries.

• Control both domestic and international trade.

Powers of the state government:

• Establish local administrations

• Issue licences for hunting, driving, and other activities

• Control the state's internal trade.
• Any authority that was not expressly granted to the national government.
• Organise elections.

However, there are some authorities that are concurrently exercised by both governments, such as:

• Setting up courts
• Launching and obtaining taxation
• Constructing roadways
• Lending money
• Building banks

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