Make a note on the following :
The Statue of Liberty is a colossal neoclassical sculpture on Liberty
Island in New York harbour in New York City, in the United States.
The copper statue, designed by Bartholdi, a French sculptor, was
built by Gustave Eiffel and dedicated on October 28, 1886. It was a
gift to the United States from the people of France. The statue is of
a robed female figure representing Libertas, the Roman goddess,
who bears a torch and a tabula ansata (a tablet evoking the law)
upon which is inscribed the date of the American declaration of
Independence, July 4, 1776. A broken chain lies at her feet. The
statue is an icon of freedom and of the United States, and was a
welcoming sight to immigrants arriving from abroad. Bartholdi was
inspired by French Law Professor and Politician Édouard René de
Laboulaye, who is said to have commented in 1865 that any
monument raised to American independence would properly be a
joint project of the French and American peoples. He may havebeen mined to honour the Union victory in the American Civil War
and the end of slavery. Due to the post-war instability in France,
work on the statue did not commence until the early 1870s. In
1875, Laboulaye proposed that the French finance the statue and
the Americans provide the site and build the pedestal. Bartholdi
completed the head and the torch-bearing arm before the statue
was fully designed, and these pieces were exhibited for publicity at
international expositions. The torch-bearing arm was displayed at
the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia in 1876, and in Madison
Square Park in Manhattan from 1876 to 1882. Fund raising proved
difficult, especially for the Americans, and by1885 work on the
pedestal was threatened due to lack of funds. Publisher Joseph
Pulitzer of the New York World started a drive for donations to
complete the project that attracted more than 120,0000
contributors, most of whom gave less than a dollar. The statue was
constructed in France, shipped overseas in crates, and assembled
on the completed pedestal on what was then called Bedloe’s Island.
The statue’s completion was marked by New York’s first ticker-tape
parade and a dedication ceremony presided over by President
Grover Cleveland. The statue was administered by the United
States Lighthouse Board until 1901 and then by the Department of
War; since 1933 it has been maintained by the National Park
Service. Public access to the balcony surrounding the torch has
been barred for safety reasons since 1916
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