Make a precis of each one of the following passages, and give each a suitable heading... EXERCISE 1. Muslim communities, dwelling in the midst of idol worshippers of Africa, represent a definitely higher faith and civilization, and present a striking contrast to the pagan tribes demoralized by the European gin traffic. The contrast has been well- indicated by Joseph Thomson, a modern traveler. In reference to the degraded condition of the tribes of the lower Niger he says. "In a steamer, up the Niger, I saw little in the first 200 mile to alter my views: for there was a lot of fetishism, cannibalism, and the gin trade. But as I left behind me the low-lying coast region, and found myself near the southern boundary of what is called the Central Soudan, I observed an ever-increasing improvement in the appearance and in the character of the natives: cannibalism disappeared, fetishism followed in its wake; the gin trade largely disappeared; while on the other hand, clothes became more voluminous and decent; cleanliness, the rule; while their outward, more dignified; bearing still further signs of a moral regeneration. Every- thing indicated a leavening of some higher element, an element that was clearly taking a deep hold on the Negro nature and making him a new man. That element, you will perhaps be surprised to learn, is Muhammadanism.
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was a lot of fetishism, cannibalism, and the gin trade. But as I left behind me the low-lying coast region, and found myself near the southern boundary of what is called the Central Soudan, I observed an ever-increasing improvement in the appearance and in the character of the natives: cannibalism disappeared, fetishism followed in its wake; the gin trade largely disappeared; while on the other hand, clothes became more voluminous and decent; cleanliness, the rule; while their outward, more dignified; bearing still further signs of a moral regeneration. Every- thing indicated a leavening of some higher element, an element that was clearly taking a deep hold on the Negro nature and making him a new man. That element, you will perhaps be surprised
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