Question

make a report on the topic useful and adverse effect of the constructing Dams on rivers

Answer 1

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advantages:-

If electricity is not needed, the sluice gates can be shut, stopping electricity generation. The water can be saved for use another time when electricity demand is high.
The lake's water can be used for irrigation purposes.

When in use, electricity produced by dam systems do not produce green house gases.
The lake that forms behind the dam can be used for water sports and leisure / pleasure activities. Often large dams become tourist attractions in their own right.
Once a dam is constructed, electricity can be produced at a constant rate.

disvantage;-
The building of large dams can cause serious geological damage. For example, the building of the Hoover Dam in the USA triggered a number of earth quakes and has depressed the earths surface at its location.

People living in villages and towns that are in the valley to be flooded, must move out. This means that they lose their farms and businesses. In some countries, people are forcibly removed so that hydro-power schemes can go ahead.

Building a large dam alters the natural water table level.

For example:- the building of the Aswan Dam in Egypt has altered the level of the water table.

This is slowly leading to damage of many of its ancient monuments as salts and destructive minerals are deposited in the stone work from rising damp
caused by the changing water table level.

The high cost of dam construction means that they must operate for many decades to become profitable.

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