Make a skit or dialogue formation on the various satyagraha movements organised by Gandhiji in India in about 200 words .
Answers
The methods used by Mahatma Gandhi during the freedom struggle were:
Satyagraha: Gandhiji's satyagraha movement was directed against the British exploitation and not the British people individually.
Non-violence: Gandhiji set an example before the whole world of achieving freedom from the mighty British rule through a non-violent freedom struggle.
Swadeshi: Gandhiji believed that use of Swadeshi goods would make us self-sufficient. He emphasised the use of Charkha and Khadi.
Mass movement: South Africa built his faith in the ability of the Indian masses to participate in the freedom movement.
EARLY LIFE OF MAHATMA GANDHI - DEFINITION
Mahatma Gandhi was born in 1869 at Porbandar in Gujarat. In 1888, he went to England to study law. He came back to India and started practicing Law at Rajkot. From 1893 to 1914, he practised Law in South Africa. He was engaged in a heroic struggle against racist authorities in South Africa. During the course of 1917 and early 1918 he was involved in three significant struggles in Champaran (Bihar), in Ahmedabad and in Kheda (Gujarat).
DISCUSS ABOUT CHAMPARAN SATYAGRAHA (1917) - SHORTCUT
The indigo cultivators of Champaran in Bihar were greatly exploited by European planters. They were bound by law to grow indigo on 3/20th of their land and sell it to the British planters at prices fixed by them. Gandhiji went there on the invitation of the cultivators and offered satyagraha as a result of which indigo cultivators got some relief.
DISCUSS ABOUT AHMEDABAD SATYAGRAHA - DEFINITION
Gandhiji led the mill-workers of Ahmedabad in a strike against the mill-owners who had refused to pay them higher wages. When the workers seemed to weaken, Gandhiji provided them support by undertaking a fast (hunger strike). Afraid of the consequences, the mill-owners agreed on the fourth day of Gandhiji's fast to give a 35 per cent increase in wages.
DISCUSS ABOUT THE KHEDA SATYAGRAHA (1918) - SHORTCUT
Crops failed in Kheda and the peasants were not in a position to pay land revenue. The government refused to forgo the land revenue. Gandhiji organised the peasants to offer satyagraha. The peasants refused to pay the revenue and ultimately the government was forced to arrive at a settlement with the peasants.
Hope it helps
Answer:
Vaikom Satyagraha (1924–25) was a satyagraha (social protest) in erstwhile Travancore (now part of Kerala, India) against untouchability and caste discrimination in Hindu society of Kerala. The movement was centered around the Sri Mahadeva Temple temple at Vaikom, in the present day Kottayam district. The Satyagraha was aimed at securing freedom to all sections of society to pass through the public roads leading to the Sri Mahadeva Temple.
In 1865, the Government of Travancore had published a notification that all public roads in the state were open to all castes of people alike. In July 1884, the Government by a fresh notification reaffirmed the policy laid down in the previous order and enjoined that any violation of these orders would be visited with the severest displeasure of the Government. This notification came up for a judicial review before the High Court. The High Court then considered it expedient to draw a distinction between Raja Veedhis (King's Highways) and grama veedhis (village roads). The court decided that the public roads mentioned in the notification of the Government were intended to mean only the Raja veedhis and not grama veedhis. The roads around Vaikom Temple were considered ‘ grama veedhis and consequently even after 65 years of Government proclamation, they were barred to the Avarnas and a unit of police (consisting of Savarnas) was stationed in the vicinity to enforce the custom.
Explanation: