Make a skit or dialogue formation on the various satyagraha movements organised by Gandhiji in India in about 200 words .
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Answers
The methods used by Mahatma Gandhi during the freedom struggle were:
Satyagraha: Gandhiji's satyagraha movement was directed against the British exploitation and not the British people individually.
Non-violence: Gandhiji set an example before the whole world of achieving freedom from the mighty British rule through a non-violent freedom struggle.
Swadeshi: Gandhiji believed that use of Swadeshi goods would make us self-sufficient. He emphasised the use of Charkha and Khadi.
Mass movement: South Africa built his faith in the ability of the Indian masses to participate in the freedom movement.
EARLY LIFE OF MAHATMA GANDHI - DEFINITION
Mahatma Gandhi was born in 1869 at Porbandar in Gujarat. In 1888, he went to England to study law. He came back to India and started practicing Law at Rajkot. From 1893 to 1914, he practised Law in South Africa. He was engaged in a heroic struggle against racist authorities in South Africa. During the course of 1917 and early 1918 he was involved in three significant struggles in Champaran (Bihar), in Ahmedabad and in Kheda (Gujarat).
DISCUSS ABOUT CHAMPARAN SATYAGRAHA (1917) - SHORTCUT
The indigo cultivators of Champaran in Bihar were greatly exploited by European planters. They were bound by law to grow indigo on 3/20th of their land and sell it to the British planters at prices fixed by them. Gandhiji went there on the invitation of the cultivators and offered satyagraha as a result of which indigo cultivators got some relief.
DISCUSS ABOUT AHMEDABAD SATYAGRAHA - DEFINITION
Gandhiji led the mill-workers of Ahmedabad in a strike against the mill-owners who had refused to pay them higher wages. When the workers seemed to weaken, Gandhiji provided them support by undertaking a fast (hunger strike). Afraid of the consequences, the mill-owners agreed on the fourth day of Gandhiji's fast to give a 35 per cent increase in wages.
Answer:
There was a boy. His name was Mohan.
He was studying in a school at Rajkot. He was not bright at studies, but was very fond of reading.
Once he read the story of Shravana. Shravana used to carry his old and blind parents in two baskets slung on a bamboo yoke. Mohan was deeply touched by his devotion to his old parents. He resolved to be like Shravana and serve his parents.
Once Mohan saw a play depicting the life of King Harishchandra, who lost his kingdom and suffered much for truth. Mohan was so deeply moved by this play that he was in tears. He decided never to swerve from the path of truth and be ever truthful and honest like Harishchandra.
In his childhood the young Gandhi was very timid. He feared to step in darkness, even in his own house. He feared ghosts and thieves and snakes. Rambha was a maid servant in his house. Once she said to Mohan: `Why are you so much fearful? Remember Rama! Rama will always protect you. Fear never encounters him who remembers Rama.'
Mohan was deeply impressed by these words. He took to reciting the name of Rama. His faith in Rama increased as he grew up. He remembered God and dedicated all his work to him. When he died his last words were `He Rama!'
Mohan's father, Karamchand Gandhi, was popularly known as Kaba Gandhi. In early years, he was the Diwan of Porbandar, and after that he became the Diwan of Rajkot. During his stay in Rajkot, his Parsee and Muslim friends often visited his house and discussed the good in their religions. Young Mohan, who quite often sat by father's side, heard these discussions. These debates created in him a real love for all religions.
Once the Inspector of schools came to visit his school. He wanted to test the boys, so he dictated a few English words to the boys. Mohan could not spell one of the words correctly. His teacher prompted him to copy that word from his neighbour's slate, but Mohan didn't. He did not like to cheat anybody, come what may. The result was that all the students except Mohan, spelt all the words correctly. The teacher scolded Mohan after the class and Mohan felt wounded. But deep inside him he knew that what he had done was right.