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Make diagram explanation purification with formula

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Home / Filters / Passive High Pass Filter



Passive High Pass Filter

A High Pass Filter is the exact opposite to the low pass filter circuit as the two components have been interchanged with the filters output signal now being taken from across the resistor

  

Where as the low pass filter only allowed signals to pass below its cut-off frequency point, ƒc, the passive high pass filter circuit as its name implies, only passes signals above the selected cut-off point, ƒc eliminating any low frequency signals from the waveform. Consider the circuit below.

The High Pass Filter Circuit



 

In this circuit arrangement, the reactance of the capacitor is very high at low frequencies so the capacitor acts like an open circuit and blocks any input signals at VIN until the cut-off frequency point ( ƒC ) is reached. Above this cut-off frequency point the reactance of the capacitor has reduced sufficiently as to now act more like a short circuit allowing all of the input signal to pass directly to the output as shown below in the filters response curve.

Frequency Response of a 1st Order High Pass Filter



 

The Bode Plot or Frequency Response Curve above for a passive high pass filter is the exact opposite to that of a low pass filter. Here the signal is attenuated or damped at low frequencies with the output increasing at +20dB/Decade (6dB/Octave) until the frequency reaches the cut-off point ( ƒc ) where again R = Xc. It has a response curve that extends down from infinity to the cut-off frequency, where the output voltage amplitude is 1/√2  = 70.7% of the input signal value or -3dB (20 log (Vout/Vin)) of the input value.

Also we can see that the phase angle ( Φ ) of the output signal LEADS that of the input and is equal to +45o at frequency ƒc. The frequency response curve for this filter implies that the filter can pass all signals out to infinity. However in practice, the filter response does not extend to infinity but is limited by the electrical characteristics of the components used.

The cut-off frequency point for a first order high pass filter can be found using the same equation as that of the low pass filter, but the equation for the phase shift is modified slightly to account for the positive phase angle as shown below.

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