Make notes on the above passage and supply a suitable title
to it.
Write the summary of the above passage.
Answers
the title is women's power
Answer:
The title would be "Women Power".
Explanation:
Literacy -The female literacy levels according to the Literacy Rate 2011 census are 65.46% where the male literacy rate is over 80%. While Kerala has the highest female literacy rate of 100% , Bihar is at the lowest with only 46.40%
Employment - Of the total female population 21.9% are a part of Indian workforce. Majority of women are employed in the rural areas and in agriculture. Amongst rural women workers 87% are employed in agriculture as laborers, cultivators, self employed like hawkers etc i.e. in the unorganized sector which almost always remains invisible. Despite the equal remuneration Act 1976, women are paid lower wages, occupy lower skilled jobs, have less access to skill training and promotion.
Political status - Though India had a women Prime Minister Late Ms Indira Gandhi, women are not fairly represented in the Parliament & other State & Local bodies. With only around 9 per cent women in upper house and around 11 per cent in the lower house of parliament, India ranks 99th in the world in terms of female representation among MPs.
However 73rd & 74th amendments to the constitution have ensured the participation of women in PRIs with a reservation of 1/3rd for women. Today more than 30 million women are actively participating in the political decision making process at the grass root.
Women’s work participation factors in India
Women’s work participation rate in general has been declining over the decades. The decline has occurred due to several factors:
Absence of comprehensive and rational policy for women’s emancipation through education, training and access to resources such as land, credit and technology etc.
The perception of male as the breadwinner of the family despite the fact that in low income households women’s income is crucial for sustenance. This perception adversely affects women’s education & training. Employers also visualize women workers as supplementary workers & also cash in on this perception to achieve their capitalistic motives by keeping the wage low for women.
Structural changes in the economy e.g. decline in traditional rural industries or industrialization.
Lack of assets (land, house) in their own name in order to have access to credit and self-employment opportunities
Huge demand of time and energy of women for various tasks at home like child bearing and rearing etc in addition to participation in labour force leave them with little time for education, training and self-development
Division of labour based on the gender between men and women & technological advancements work against women. They are the last to be hired and first to be sacked.
Govt. programs to increase employment and productivity are focused more on men & women are seen as beneficiaries rather than active participants.
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