Maria has a sore throat. Her father takes her to the doctor and she is given an antibiotic. After ten days, Maria is still sick. Use the model seen here and describe what has happened to Maria in terms of natural selection.
A) The medicine causes some bacteria to become resistant to antibiotics. They survive and reproduce. B) Some of the bacteria are resistant to the antibiotic. They survive and reproduce, keeping Maria sick. C) After being subjected to the antibiotics, some bacteria change and they can survive the medicine. Maria remains sick. D) In a population of bacteria, variation exists. The bacteria that have increased resistance to medicine outcompete the non-resistant bacteria for food.
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Explanation:
b is answer of question
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The correct answer to the question is D).
Explanation:
- Maria is infected by a diverse group of bacteria.
- Some of them are resistant while the others are sensitive to the antibiotic prescribed by the doctor.
- In absence of the antibiotic all the bacteria, both sensitive and resistant, are competing with each other for food.
- When the antibiotic treatment is given, the antibiotic kills the antibiotic-sensitive bacteria.
- This gives the antibiotic-resistant bacteria an advantage as it no longer has to compete with the sensitive bacteria for food.
- It can utilise the entire food available and multiply thereby causing the disease to persist in Maria.
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