Match the following-: (5)
a. Democratic direct form of popular participation
b. India Unitary government
c. Adult franchise fusion of power
d. Great Britain answerability to people
e. Parliamentary system written constitution
Q5. Answer the following questions-: (8)
Q1. What is a constitution? List the different types of constitution.
Q2. Name three National festivals and three religious festivals.
Q3. What is the standard meridian of India?
Q4. What are the vedas ? What do they contain?
Q7. Long question/answers -: (12)
Q1. How did agriculture change the life of early humans?
Q2. How is the earth a unique planet in the solar system?
Q3. Why do farmers need to borrow money?
Q4. What is the Nyaya panchayat? What is its function?
Answers
Answer: Answer the following questions
There are different types of Constitution; these are the Written Constitution, the Unwritten Constitution, the Conventional or Enacted Constitution, the Cumulative or Evolve Constitution, the Rigid or Inelastic Constitution and the Flexible or Elastic Constitution.
1. National Festivals are celebrated with proud and have super-patriotic fervor. Republic day, Independence day and Gandhi Jayanti are the three national festivals of India.
2. Religious Festivals shows the religious association of people with the festival. The major religious festivals includes Holi, Raksha Bandhan, Diwali, Krishna Janamastami, Durga-Puja, Dussehra, Maha Shivaratri, Eid, Christmas, Easter, Buddha Purnima, Mahavir Jayanti, etc.
3. Seasonal and Harvesting festivals are celebrated to mark the harvesting of crops and the change of seasons. The major seasonal and harvesting festivals that are celebrated in India includes Basant Panchami, Pongal, Makar Sankranti, Lohri, Onam, Baisakhi, Bhogali bihu, etc.
1. National Festivals in India
1.1 Republic Day
Republic Day is celebrated all over the country on 26th January every year. On this day, i.e., 26th January, 1950, India’s constitution came into force. This day is important because on this day our country became a Democratic republic and all citizens were given equal rights to vote and choose the government. A special celebration (grand parade) is held at Rajpath in New Delhi every year. On this day, the National song, “Jana Gana Mana” can be heard throughout the country.
1.2 Independence Day
Independence Day is celebrated all over the country on 15th August each year. On this day, i.e., 15th August, 1947, India gained independence from British rule and hence in other countries this day is also termed as “India Day”. We pay tribute to the freedom fighters who sacrificed their youth for our independence. The Tri-color National flag is hoisted at Red Fort (New Delhi) by the Prime Minister. Every Indians feel proud on this day.
1.3 Gandhi Jayanti
Gandhi Jayanti occurs annually on 2nd October to celebrate the birthday of Mahatma Gandhi, popularly known as ‘Father of the Nation’. The untiring efforts of Mahatma Gandhi helped India to gain its freedom and independence. ‘Raghupati Raghav’, his favourite song, can be heard on this day.
2. Religious Festivals in India
There are many types of religious festivals celebrated in India. Some important of them are discussed below:
2.1 Holi
Holi, also known as the ‘Festival of Colors’ and ‘Spring Festival’, marks the beginning of spring season. Light, color, food music and gifts are used to celebrate the triumph of good over evil.
It is the most colorful festival of the Hindus. It generally lasts for two days. The ceremony of “Holika Dahan” is observed on the first day. On the following day, people play holi by painting the face and clothes of each others. They also throw colors on to friendly passers-by. Holi festival is generally celebrated in between the month of end of February and beginning of March.
Also read: Significance of Holi Festival
2.2 Raksha Bandhan
The beautiful relation of a brother and a sister is celebrated in the festival of Raksha Bandhan. Traditionally, girls tie a string of thread on the wrist of her brother. This thread of love reminds the brother of his responsibility to always take care, support and protect his sister under all circumstances. This is followed by exchange of sweets and gifts.
Uttar Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh
Chhattisgarh
Odisha
Andhra Pradesh
The Vedas are considered the earliest literary record of Indo-Aryan civilization and the most sacred books of India. They are the original scriptures of Hindu teachings, containing spiritual knowledge encompassing all aspects of life.