maths chapter 2 of class 9 th ex 2.4 question no 4,5
Answers
Step-by-step explanation:
Question 4.
Factorise
(i) 12x2 – 7x +1
(ii) 2x2 + 7x + 3
(iii) 6x2 + 5x – 6
(iv) 3x2 – x – 4
Solution:
(i) We have,
12x2 – 7x + 1 = 12x2 – 4x- 3x + 1
= 4x (3x – 1 ) -1 (3x – 1)
= (3x -1) (4x -1)
Thus, 12x2 -7x + 3 = (2x – 1) (x + 3)
(ii) We have, 2x2 + 7x + 3 = 2x2 + x + 6x + 3
= x(2x + 1) + 3(2x + 1)
= (2x + 1)(x + 3)
Thus, 2×2 + 7x + 3 = (2x + 1)(x + 3)
(iii) We have, 6x2 + 5x – 6 = 6x2 + 9x – 4x – 6
= 3x(2x + 3) – 2(2x + 3)
= (2x + 3)(3x – 2)
Thus, 6x2 + 5x – 6 = (2x + 3)(3x – 2)
(iv) We have, 3x2 – x – 4 = 3x2 – 4x + 3x – 4
= x(3x – 4) + 1(3x – 4) = (3x – 4)(x + 1)
Thus, 3x2 – x – 4 = (3x – 4)(x + 1)
Question 5.
Factorise
(i) x3 – 2x2 – x + 2
(ii) x3 – 3x2 – 9x – 5
(iii) x3 + 13x2 + 32x + 20
(iv) 2y3 + y2 – 2y – 1
Solution:
(i) We have, x3 – 2x2 – x + 2
Rearranging the terms, we have x3 – x – 2x2 + 2
= x(x2 – 1) – 2(x2 -1) = (x2 – 1)(x – 2)
= [(x)2 – (1)2](x – 2)
= (x – 1)(x + 1)(x – 2)
[∵ (a2 – b2) = (a + b)(a-b)]
Thus, x3 – 2x2 – x + 2 = (x – 1)(x + 1)(x – 2)
(ii) We have, x3 – 3x2 – 9x – 5
= x3 + x2 – 4x2 – 4x – 5x – 5 ,
= x2 (x + 1) – 4x(x + 1) – 5(x + 1)
= (x + 1)(x2 – 4x – 5)
= (x + 1)(x2 – 5x + x – 5)
= (x + 1)[x(x – 5) + 1(x – 5)]
= (x + 1)(x – 5)(x + 1)
Thus, x3 – 3x2 – 9x – 5 = (x + 1)(x – 5)(x +1)
(iii) We have, x3 + 13x2 + 32x + 20
= x3 + x2 + 12x2 + 12x + 20x + 20
= x2(x + 1) + 12x(x +1) + 20(x + 1)
= (x + 1)(x2 + 12x + 20)
= (x + 1)(x2 + 2x + 10x + 20)
= (x + 1)[x(x + 2) + 10(x + 2)]
= (x + 1)(x + 2)(x + 10)
Thus, x3 + 13x2 + 32x + 20
= (x + 1)(x + 2)(x + 10)
(iv) We have, 2y3 + y2 – 2y – 1
= 2y3 – 2y2 + 3y2 – 3y + y – 1
= 2y2(y – 1) + 3y(y – 1) + 1(y – 1)
= (y – 1)(2y2 + 3y + 1)
= (y – 1)(2y2 + 2y + y + 1)
= (y – 1)[2y(y + 1) + 1(y + 1)]
= (y – 1)(y + 1)(2y + 1)
Thus, 2y3 + y2 – 2y – 1
= (y – 1)(y + 1)(2y +1)