MATHS TOPIC-Crop production """"" Data collection and interpretation about paddy production in last 10 years. only proper answers
Answers
Answer:
There are a variety of factors associated with crop yield and the risks involved with farming. The four most important factors that influence crop yield are soil fertility, availability of water, climate, and diseases or pests. These factors can pose a significant risk to farms when they are not monitored and managed correctly. While Omnia Fertilizer specialises in Nutriology® (The science of growing) in order to increase crop yield and to decrease risk, it is still important to understand exactly what influences crop yield and the risks involved.
There are 18 nutrients that are essential for proper crop development. Each is equally important to the plant, although they are required in vastly different amounts. These differences have led to the grouping of these essential elements into macro and micro nutrients. The function of nutrients in plants is complex and includes process like root, shoot, leaf and fruit development, production of proteins, hormones and chlorophyll, photosynthesis, etc. Soil is a major source of these nutrients to plants and soil fertility (or nutrient content) can therefore have a profound impact on crop production. The absence of any one of these nutrients has the potential to decrease crop yield by negatively affecting the associated growth factor.
While it may seem obvious, the availability of water has a direct impact on crop yield and profitability can therefore vary widely due to the highly variable nature of precipitation, both in timing and amount. Too little precipitation can cause crops to wither and die, whereas excessive rainfall (especially when it follows irrigation) will also have adverse effects on crop growth. When crops are over-irrigated, water, energy, labour, and fertiliser are wasted and crop production can decrease.
Perhaps one of the most overlooked (but nonetheless important) factors that influences crop production is climate. Climatic conditions extend beyond just “wet” and “dry”. While annual precipitation is an important aspect of climate, there are other aspects to consider as well, such as humidity, temperature, wind, increased prevalence of pests during certain climate conditions, and weather patterns. South Africa’s climate varies from region to region and each is associated with certain plants or crops. Planting crops outside the specific climatic region that they are adapted to will negatively impact crop yield. Erratic weather patterns also pose an immense risk to crops, as they can cause extensive damage to crops and may create highly favourable conditions for certain pests and weeds to thrive.
One final factor that influences crop yield is the presence of pests and diseases. They come in a plethora of shapes and sizes and may cause damage in a number of ways. Besides the direct damaging effect on crops, certain pests (like plant parasitic nematodes) can also cause harm in other ways, such as damaging plant roots (therefore altering the water and nutrient uptake capability of the plant. This can also cause plants to be m
Step-by-step explanation:
1.1 Origin of rice
1.1.1 Oryza Sativa, it is believed, is associated with wet, humid climate, though it is not a tropical plant.
It is probably a descendent of wild grass that was most likely cultivated in the foothills of the far Eastern
Himalayas. Another school of thought believes that the rice plant may have originated in southern India,
then spread to the north of the country and then onwards to China. It then arrived in Korea, the Philippines
(about 2000 B. C.) and then Japan and Indonesia (about 1000 B. C.). When Alexander the Great invaded
India in 327 B. C., it is believed that he took rice back to Greece. Arab travelers took it to Egypt, Morocco
and Spain and that is how it travelled all across Europe. Portugal and Netherlands took rice to their
colonies in West Africa and then it travelled to America through the ’Columbian Exchange’ of natural
resources. But as is traditionally known, rice is a slow starter and this is also true to the fact that it took
close to two centuries after the voyages of Columbus for rice to take root in the Americas. Thereafter the
journey of rice continues with the Moors taking it to Spain in 700 A. D. and then the Spanish brought rice
to South America at the beginning of 17th century.
1.1.2 The journey of rice around the world has been slow, but once it took root it stayed and became
a major agriculture and economic product for the people. In the Indian subcontinent more than a quarter
of the cultivated land is given to rice (20011-12). It is a very essential part of the daily meal in the
southern and eastern parts of India. In the northern and central parts of the subcontinent, where wheat is
frequently eaten, rice holds its own and is cooked daily as well as on festivals and special occasions.
1.2 History of Rice in India:
1.2.1 India is an important centre of rice cultivation. The rice is cultivated on the largest areas in India.
Historians believe that while the indica variety of rice was first domesticated in the area covering the
foothills of the Eastern Himalayas (i.e. north-eastern India), stretching through Burma, Thailand, Laos,
Vietnam and Southern China, the japonica variety was domesticated from wild rice in southern China
which was introduced to India. Perennial wild rice still grow in Assam and Nepal. It seems to have
appeared around 1400 BC in southern India after its domestication in the northern plains. It then spread to
all the fertiled alluvial plains watered by rivers. Some says that the word rice is derived from the Tamil
word arisi