Mauritius, an island in the Indian Ocean, has an economy that is heavily dependent on international tourism. Identify two examples for each of the four factors of production that are likely to have been responsible for the development of international tourism business in Mauritius
Answers
The ongoing oil pollution incident from the grounded 203,000 DWT bulk carrier “MV Wakashio” is threatening an ecological catastrophe around the Indian Ocean island of Mauritius, endangering corals, fish and other marine life already under threat from climate change (IPCC 2018).
In addition, it risks bringing devastating consequences for the economy, food security, health and tourism industry. Tourism in Mauritius - a popular destination for its pristine beaches - reportedly contributed about $1.6 billion to its economy during the last year, and was already suffering from the negative effects of COVID-19.
The “MV Wakashio”, a Panamanian-flagged vessel, was sailing under ballast, without cargo, through a major shipping lane in the Indian Ocean, when it went off course and grounded on a coral reef, in an environmentally sensitive area off the east coast of Mauritius, while travelling from China to Brazil, on 25 July 2020. The cause of the grounding is still unknown. At the time of the grounding, the ship was reported to have contained approximately 3,894 tons of fuel oil, 207 tons of diesel, and 90 tons of lubricant oil on board. Due to bad weather, the first signs of cracks in the hull were reported on 5 August and, shortly thereafter oil began to leak.
The location of the grounding is close to a marine park, two internationally protectedwetland sitesof international importance (under the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands 1971, as amended in 1987) including asmall coral atollhosting endemic species of Mauritius’ rich and rare biodiversity and a popular tourist destination. It is also the location of afamous naval battle, containing historic wrecks that have laid undisturbed for two centuries.
The Government of Mauritius activated its national oil spill contingency plan and, on 7 August, declared a state of environmental emergency and called for international help. Specialist teams and equipment were sent from a number of countries, including France and Japan, as well as from international bodies, to help Mauritius deal with the spill. Alongside IMO and OCHA, the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) Mauritius and the International Tanker Owners Pollution Federation (ITOPF) are also mobilising environmental and oil spill experts. The Japanese owners and managers of the bulk carrier (Nagashiki Shipping), and its P&I Club, contracted specialist oil response and salvage teams to help mitigate the effects of pollution; the vessel’s time-charterers (Tokyo-Mitsui O.S.K. Lines, Ltd.) also pledged to cooperat
Mauritius tourism industry has experienced drastic growth in the last decade. ... The tourism sector is one of the main pillars of the local economy, and created 30,000 full time job equivalents in 2000 and the number today it is estimated that almost 40,000 has full direct employment in the tourism sector.
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