Question

Maxwell and Boltzmann have shown that the actual distribution of molecular velocities in all
molecules in a given gas depends on
(A) temperature and pressure
(B) temperature and molecular mass
(C) volume and temperature
(D) pressure and molecular mass ​

Answer 1

Maxwell and Boltzmann have shown that the actual distribution of molecular velocities in all molecules in a given gas depends on temperature and molecular mass.

Maxwell and Boltzmann's distribution determines the actual number of molecules moving between velocities v to v+dv. In addition, it can be used to find out the distribution of the kinetic energy for a set of molecules.

Maxwell and Boltzmann's distribution is given by,

                    $\frac{dN}{N} =(\frac{m}{2\pi kbT} )^{1/2} e^{\frac{-mv^{2}}{2kbT} d v}$

where,

• dN/N=fraction of molecules moving between velocities v to v+dv

• kb=Boltzmann constant

• m=mass of the molecule
• T=absolute temperature

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