Question

Meaning of an atom; structure of an atom; dalton's theory, rutherford-bohr model

Answer 1

an atom is the smallest component of an element, characterized by a sharing of the chemical properties of the element and a nucleus with neutrons, protons and electrons.

Dalton's atomic theory proposed that all matter was composed of atoms, indivisible and indestructible building blocks. While allatoms of an element were identical, different elements had atoms of differing size and mass.

Rutherford proposed that an atom is composed of empty space mostly with electrons orbiting in a set, predictable paths around fixed, positively charged nucleus.

Answer 2

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Rutherford Theory Of Atom

• There is a positively charged centre in an atom called the nucleus .
• The electron revolve around the nucleus in circular path
• The size of nucleus is very small as compared to the size of atom

Observations Of Rutherford Theory

• Most of the fast moving \alphaα particle passed straight through the gold foil .
• Some of the \alphaα particles were deflected by the foil by small angles