Mechanism of action of peptide hormones
Answers
Answer:
hPeptide hormones and growth factors initiate signalling by binding to and activating their cell surface receptors. The activated receptors interact with and modulate the activity of cell surface enzymes and adaptor proteins which entrain a series of reactions leading to metabolic and proliferative signals.
NCERT based Answer for Class 11 Biology Students
Mechanism of Action of Water Soluble Hormones:
Catecholamines, peptide and protein hormones are water soluble hormones. These hormones cannot diffuse through plasma membrane of a target cell.
The receptors of these water soluble hormones are plasma membrane integral proteins.
Since such a hormone can deliver its message only to plasma membrane, it is called the first messenger.
A second messenger is needed to relay the message inside the cell where hormone–stimulated response can take place. Some of the second messengers are cyclic AMP (cAMP), Inositol triphosphate (IP3) and Ca2+.
In the cytosol, the second messenger alters a specific biochemical process which alters physiological response.
For example, FSH activates enzymes for estrogens synthesis in the ovarian cells. As a result estrogens are synthesized and released by ovarian cells. Estrogens then bring about various physiological responses in female’s body.
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